السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: ما روي في تثنية الأذان والإقامة
Reports on saying the adhan and iqamah in pairs
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي أنبأ حَاجِبُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الطُّوسِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ ثنا وَكِيعٌ ثنا الْأَعْمَشُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ زَيْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ: " رَأَيْتُ فِي الْمَنَامِ رَجُلًا قَامَ عَلَى جِذْمِ حَائِطٍ فَأَذَّنَ مَثْنَى وَأَقَامَ مَثْنَى وَقَعَدَ قَعْدَةً وَعَلَيْهِ بُرْدَانِ أَخْضَرَانِ " هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ وَقِيلَ: عَنْهُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ مُعَاذٍ.
It is narrated from Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla (may Allah have mercy on him): The Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (may Allah be pleased with them) told us that Abdullah bin Zayd al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah, I saw in a dream a man standing on top of a wall; he gave the adhan in pairs and the iqamah in pairs, then sat down, and he was wearing two green cloaks.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو صَالِحِ ابْنُ بِنْتِ يَحْيَى بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ الْقَاضِي، أنبأ جَدِّي ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ السَّدُوسِيُّ ثنا عَاصِمُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثنا الْمَسْعُودِيُّ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ مُرَّةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، قَالَ: " أُحِيلَتِ الصَّلَاةُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْوَالٍ " فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي رُؤْيَا عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَذَكَرَ الْأَذَانَ مَرَّتَيْنِ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: فِي آخِرِ أَذَانِهِ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ثُمَّ أَمْهَلَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ الَّذِي قَالَ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ زَادَ: قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ " وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ مُعَاذٍ وَقِيلَ: عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) that the prayer was changed through three stages. He narrated the hadith of the dream of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) and mentioned the adhan twice each, then at the end of the adhan he said: 'Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, la ilaha illallah' (Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, there is no god but Allah). Then he paused for a little while, then stood and said the like of it, except that he added the words 'Qad qamat al-salah, qad qamat al-salah' (The prayer has been established, the prayer has been established).
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْقَاضِي ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثنا حُصَيْنُ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ثنا ابْنُ ⦗٦١٩⦘ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِحَدِيثِهِ فِي رُؤْيَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ شَرِيكٌ وَعَبَّادُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، عَنْ حُصَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ: اسْتَشَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ النَّاسَ فِي الْأَذَانِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَقَالَ فِيهِ: فَأَذَّنَ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى ثُمَّ قَعَدَ قَعْدَةً ثُمَّ أَقَامَ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى..
It is narrated from Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla (may Allah have mercy on him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) consulted the people about the adhan. Then he narrated the long hadith, in which it says that he gave the adhan twice each, then sat down, then said the iqamah twice each.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْمُقْرِئُ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثنا حُصَيْنُ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، فَذَكَرَهُوَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ جَمَاعَةٌ ابْنُ فُضَيْلٍ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى وَالْحَدِيثُ مَعَ الِاخْتِلَافِ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ مُرْسَلٌ لِأَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أَبِي لَيْلَى لَمْ يُدْرِكْ مُعَاذًا وَلَا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ زَيْدٍ وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ مَنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْهُمَا وَلَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ: عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ وَلَا مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ صَاحِبِ الْأَذَانِ فَغَيَرُ جَائِزٍ أَنْ يُحْتَجَّ بِخَبَرٍ غَيْرِ ثَابِتٍ عَلَى أَخْبَارٍ ثَابِتَةٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ أَخْبَارٌ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ أُخَرَ كُلُّهَا ضَعِيفَةٌ قَدْ بَيَّنْتُ ضَعْفَهَا فِي الْخِلَافِيَّاتِ وَأَمْثَلُ إِسْنَادٍ رُوِيَ فِي تَثْنِيَةِ الْإِقَامَةِ حَدِيثُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى ⦗٦٢١⦘ وَهُوَ إِنْ صَحَّ فَكُلُّ أَذَانٍ رَوَى ثُنَائِيَّةً فَهُوَ بَعْدَ رُؤْيَا عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ فَيَكُونُ أَوْلَى مِمَّا رُوِيَ فِي رُؤْيَاهُ مَعَ الِاخْتِلَافِ فِي كَيْفِيَّةِ رُؤْيَاهُ فِي الْإِقَامَةِ فَالْمَدَنِيُّونَ يَرْوُونَهَا مُفْرَدَةً وَالْكُوفِيُّونَ يَرْوُونَهَا ⦗٦٢٢⦘ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى وَإِسْنَادُ الْمَدَنِيِّينَ مَوْصُولٌ وَإِسْنَادُ الْكُوفِيِّينَ مُرْسَلٌ وَمَعَ مَوْصُولِ الْمَدَنِيِّينَ مُرْسَلُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ التَّابِعِينَ إِرْسَالًا ثُمَّ مَا رُوِّينَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ بِالْإِفْرَادِ بَعْدَهُ وَفِعْلُ أَهْلِ الْحَرَمَيْنِ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.
(a) Husayn narrated it to us. (b) A group of hadith scholars narrated it from Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla (may Allah have mercy on him). (c) Despite the disagreement in its chain, the hadith is mursal, because Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla did not meet Mu'adh or Abdullah bin Zayd, nor did he name who narrated it to him from the two of them or from either of them.
Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Khuzaymah said: Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla did not hear from Mu'adh bin Jabal nor from Abdullah bin Zayd bin Abd Rabbih, the one who saw the adhan; so it is not permissible to use a report that is not established as evidence against reports that are established.
Other reports on this subject have been narrated through other routes, all of them weak; I have explained their weakness in al-Khilafiyyat. The best chain narrated for saying the iqamah twice is the hadith of Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla, and even if it were authentic, every adhan narrated in pairs came after the dream of Abdullah bin Zayd, so it would take precedence over what is narrated about his dream; and there is also disagreement about how the iqamah was in his dream: the people of Madinah narrate it singly and the people of Kufah twice each. The chain of the Madinans is connected (mawsul) and the chain of the Kufans is mursal; alongside the connected report of the Madinans is the mursal of Sa'id bin al-Musayyib, whose mursal reports are the most authentic among the Successors; then there is the order to say it singly that we have narrated after that, and the practice of the people of the two Harams.
Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Khuzaymah said: Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla did not hear from Mu'adh bin Jabal nor from Abdullah bin Zayd bin Abd Rabbih, the one who saw the adhan; so it is not permissible to use a report that is not established as evidence against reports that are established.
Other reports on this subject have been narrated through other routes, all of them weak; I have explained their weakness in al-Khilafiyyat. The best chain narrated for saying the iqamah twice is the hadith of Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla, and even if it were authentic, every adhan narrated in pairs came after the dream of Abdullah bin Zayd, so it would take precedence over what is narrated about his dream; and there is also disagreement about how the iqamah was in his dream: the people of Madinah narrate it singly and the people of Kufah twice each. The chain of the Madinans is connected (mawsul) and the chain of the Kufans is mursal; alongside the connected report of the Madinans is the mursal of Sa'id bin al-Musayyib, whose mursal reports are the most authentic among the Successors; then there is the order to say it singly that we have narrated after that, and the practice of the people of the two Harams.
