السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الطهارة
Book of Purification
باب: من لم يجد ماء ولا ترابا
One who finds neither water nor earth
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّهَا اسْتَعَارَتْ قِلَادَةً مِنْ أَسْمَاءَ فَهَلَكَتْ، فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِي طَلَبِهَا فَأَدْرَكَتْهُمُ الصَّلَاةُ فَصَلَّوْا بِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ فَلَمَّا أَتَوِا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَكَوْا ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ التَّيَمُّمِ، فَقَالَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ: جَزَاكِ اللهُ خَيْرًا فَوَاللهِ مَا نَزَلَ بِكَ أَمْرٌ قَطُّ إِلَّا جَعَلَ اللهُ لَكِ مِنْهُ مَخْرَجًا، وَجَعَلَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فِيهِ بَرَكَةً. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ. وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ أَبِي كُرَيْبٍ فَهَؤُلَاءِ الصَّحَابَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ حِينَ عَدِمُوا مَاءً جُعِلَ طَهُورًا لَهُمْ صَلَّوْا بِحَقِّ الْوَقْتِ وَشَكَوْا ذَلِكَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: فَلَمْ يُنْكِرْهُ، كَذَلِكَ غَيْرُهُمْ إِذَا عَدِمُوا الْمَاءَ وَالتُّرَابَ.
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she borrowed a necklace from Asma (may Allah be pleased with her) and it was lost. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent some of the Companions to search for it. The time of prayer came upon them and they prayed without ablution. When they came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), they complained about this incident, and so the verse of tayammum was revealed. Usayd bin Hudayr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May Allah Almighty grant you the best reward! By Allah, no (difficult) matter has ever befallen you but that Allah made a way out of it for you and placed blessing in it for the Muslims.
قَالَ: وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، ثنا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ الْخُزَاعِيُّ، ثنا لَيْثٌ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْهَادِ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، وَأَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ⦗٣٣٠⦘ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، يَقُولُ: " مَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ، وَمَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَافْعَلُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ، فَإِنَّمَا أَهْلَكَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ كَثْرَةُ مَسَائِلِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي خَلَفٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، وَمُقَتْضَى مَذْهَبِ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فِيمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ مَاءً وَلَا تُرَابًا أَنْ لَا يُصَلِّيَ فَإِنَّهُمَا لَمْ يَرَيَا لِلْجُنُبِ طَهُورًا إِلَّا الْمَاءَ وَإِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْهُ، قَالَا: لَا يُصَلِّي.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "Whatever I forbid you, avoid it, and whatever I command you, do of it as much as you are able. Indeed, those before you were destroyed only because of their many questions and their disagreements with their prophets."
(b) The position of Sayyiduna Umar and Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with them both) is that one who finds neither water nor earth should not pray; in their view the only means of purification for a junub person is water, and when someone does not find water, in their view he should not pray.
(b) The position of Sayyiduna Umar and Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with them both) is that one who finds neither water nor earth should not pray; in their view the only means of purification for a junub person is water, and when someone does not find water, in their view he should not pray.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَدِيبُ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، ثنا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ يَعْنِي الْجُرْجَانِيَّ، ثنا بِشْرٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ خَالِدٍ الْفَارِضُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى، لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ: إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ الْمَاءَ لَا يُصَلِّي؟ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: " نَعَمْ، إِنْ لَمْ أَجِدِ الْمَاءَ شَهْرًا لَمْ أُصَلِّ لَوْ رَخَّصْتُ لَهُمْ فِي هَذَا كَانَ إِذَا وَجَدَ أَحَدُهُمُ الْبَرْدَ قَالَ هَكَذَا - يَعْنِي التَّيَمُّمَ - وَصَلَّى " قُلْتُ: وَأَيْنَ قَوْلُ عَمَّارٍ لِعُمَرَ، قَالَ: " إِنِّي لَمْ أَرَ عُمَرَ قَنَعَ بِقَوْلِ عَمَّارٍ ". رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ.
Abu Wa'il (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Sayyiduna Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): If he does not find water, he is not to pray? Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Yes; if I did not find water for a month, I would not pray. If I were to grant them a concession in this, then whenever one of them felt the cold, he would do like this, that is, perform tayammum, and pray. I said: What about the statement of Sayyiduna Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him) to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)? He said: I do not see that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was satisfied with the statement of Sayyiduna Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him).
