السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الطهارة
Book of Purification
باب التطهر في أواني المشركين إذا لم يعلم نجاسة
Purification from the vessels of the polytheists when their impurity is not known
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِبَغْدَادَ، أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ عَوْفٍ، عَنْ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيِّ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، قَالَ: سَرَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَفَرٍ هُوَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، فَأَصَابَهُ عَطَشٌ شَدِيدٌ، فَأَقْبَلَ رَجُلَانِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ أَحْسَبُهُ عَلِيًّا وَالزُّبَيْرَ أَوْ غَيْرَهُمَا قَالَ: " إِنَّكُمَا سَتَجِدَانِ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا امْرَأَةً مَعَهَا بَعِيرٌ عَلَيْهِ مَزَادَتَانِ فَأْتِيَانِي بِهَا " فَأَتَيَا الْمَرْأَةَ فَوَجَدَاهَا قَدْ رَكِبَتْ بَيْنَ مَزَادَتَيْنِ عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ فَقَالَا لَهَا: أَجِيبِي رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: وَمَنْ رَسُولُ اللهِ، هَذَا الصَّابِئُ؟ قَالَا: هُوَ الَّذِي تَعْنِينَ وَهُوَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَقًّا، فَجَاءَا بِهَا، فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجُعِلَ فِي إِنَاءٍ مِنْ مَزَادَتَيْهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ فِيهِ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ، ثُمَّ أَعَادَ الْمَاءَ فِي الْمَزَادَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِعَزْلَاءِ الْمَزَادَتَيْنِ فَفُتِحَتْ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ النَّاسَ فَمَلَئُوا آنِيَتَهِمْ وَأَسْقِيَتَهُمْ، فَلَمْ يَدَعُوا يَوْمَئِذٍ إِنَاءً وَلَا سِقَاءً إِلَّا مَلَئُوهُ. قَالَ عِمْرَانُ: فَكَانَ يُخَيَّلُ إِلِيَّ أَنَّهَا لَمْ تَزْدَدْ إِلَّا امْتِلَاءً. قَالَ: فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِثَوْبِهَا فَبُسِطَتْ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ فَجَاءُوا مِنْ زَادِهِمْ حَتَّى مَلَئُوا لَهَا ثَوْبَهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا: " اذْهَبِي، فَإِنَّا لَمْ نَأْخُذْ مِنْ مَائِكِ شَيْئًا، وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ سَقَانَا ". قَالَ: فَجَاءَتْ أَهْلَهَا، فَأَخْبَرَتْهُمْ ⦗٥٢⦘ فَقَالَتْ: جِئْتُكُمْ مِنْ أَسْحَرِ النَّاسِ أَوْ إِنَّهُ لِرَسُولُ اللهِ حَقًّا قَالَ: فَجَاءَ أَهْلُ ذَلِكَ الْحِوَاءِ حَتَّى أَسْلَمَوا كُلُّهُمْ. مُخَرَّجٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَوْفِ بْنِ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ، وَفِيهِ: فَكَانَ آخِرُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْطَى الَّذِي أَصَابَتْهُ الْجَنَابَةُ إِنَاءً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَقَالَ: " اذْهَبْ فَأَفْرِغْهُ عَلَيْكَ ". وَهِيَ قَائِمَةٌ تَنْظُرُ مَا يُفْعَلُ بِمَائِهَا.
Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions set out on a journey, and they were struck by severe thirst. Two of his (peace and blessings be upon him) Companions came; I think they were Ali and Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both), or perhaps someone else. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You two will find a woman at such-and-such a place; she will have a camel with two large water-skins on it. Bring her to me." The two of them came to the woman and saw her sitting on the camel between the two water-skins. They said to her: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is calling you. She said: Who is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? This one who has abandoned his religion? (We seek refuge with Allah.) They said: He is the one you mean, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is true. The two of them brought her. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that water be taken out of the water-skins, and he recited something over it. Then he returned the water to her water-skins. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the order regarding the two water-skins, and they were opened. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the people, and they filled their vessels and water-skins; that day the people did not leave a single vessel or water-skin unfilled. Sayyiduna Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) says: It seemed to me that it had become even fuller. Sayyiduna Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the cloth to be spread out, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the Companions to bring their provisions, and they filled the cloth with provisions. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to that woman: "Go; we have not taken any of your water, but Allah Almighty has given us water to drink."
Sayyiduna Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) says: That woman came to her family and said: I have come from the greatest sorcerer, or else he is truly the Messenger of Allah. Sayyiduna Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Then the people of that encampment came, and all of them became Muslim.
And in this (narration) it is (stated) that at the end the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a vessel of water to the man who was in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pour it over yourself." And that woman was standing, watching what was being done with her water.
Sayyiduna Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) says: That woman came to her family and said: I have come from the greatest sorcerer, or else he is truly the Messenger of Allah. Sayyiduna Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Then the people of that encampment came, and all of them became Muslim.
And in this (narration) it is (stated) that at the end the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a vessel of water to the man who was in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pour it over yourself." And that woman was standing, watching what was being done with her water.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْقَطِيعِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَوْفٍ، فَذَكَرَ بِمَعْنَاهُ بِزِيَادَتِهِ.
Awf (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates this narration with the same meaning as the previous narration, with some additional words.
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ الْقَاضِي، نا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، نا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى، أنا بُرْدٌ أَبُو الْعَلَاءِ، وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى، وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ، عَنْ بُرْدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ: " كُنَّا نَغْزُو مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَنُصِيبُ مِنْ آنِيَةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَسْقِيَتِهِمْ، فَنَسْتَمْتِعُ بِهَا، فَلَا يَعِيبُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ "، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ عَبْدَانَ: فَلَا يُعَابُ عَلَيْنَا.
(a) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him): We used to go on military campaigns (jihad) with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and we would come upon the vessels and water-skins of the polytheists and make use of them, and this was not held as a fault against them.
(b) And in the narration of Ibn Abdan it is (stated): No fault was found with us.
(b) And in the narration of Ibn Abdan it is (stated): No fault was found with us.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ الْفَضْلِ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ثنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، " أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ تَوَضَّأَ مِنْ مَاءِ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ فِي جَرَّةِ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ ".
Zayd bin Aslam narrates from his father that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) performed ablution with water that was in a Christian's jar.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ قَالَ: حَدَّثُونَا عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ - وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ - عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كُنَّا بِالشَّامِ أَتَيْتُ عُمَرَ بِمَاءٍ فَتَوَضَّأَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ: " مِنْ أَيْنَ جِئْتَ بِهَذَا؟ فَمَا رَأَيْتُ مَاءَ بِئْرٍ وَلَا مَاءَ سَمَاءٍ أَطْيَبَ مِنْهُ؟ " قَالَ: قُلْتُ: مِنْ بَيْتِ هَذِهِ الْعَجُوزِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ. فَلَمَّا تَوَضَّأَ أَتَاهَا فَقَالَ: " أَيَّتُهَا الْعَجُوزُ، أَسْلِمِي تَسْلَمِي، بَعَثَ اللهُ بِالْحَقِّ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " فَكَشَفَتْ رَأْسَهَا فَإِذَا مِثْلُ الثُّغَامَةِ. قَالَتْ: وَأَنَا أَمُوتُ الْآنَ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: " اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ ".
The father of Zayd bin Aslam says: When we were in Syria (al-Sham), I brought water to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and he performed ablution with it. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Where did you bring this from? I have not seen any well water or rainwater better than it. The father of Zayd bin Aslam says: I said: From the house of this old Christian woman. When he had performed ablution, he went to that woman. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O old woman, accept Islam and you will be safe; Allah Almighty has sent the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth. The narrator says: She uncovered her head, and her head had turned white like the thughamah flower. The woman said: Am I to die now? The narrator says: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Allah, bear witness.
وَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، أنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا، قَالَتْ: " كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَّقِي أَنْ يَشْرَبَ فِي الْإِنَاءِ لِلنَّصْرَانِيِّ ". فَقَدْ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ: تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْخُوزِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ الْخُوزِيُّ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ، ثُمَّ هُوَ مَحمُولٌ عَلَى التَّنْزِيهِ بِمَا مَضَى.
It is narrated from the Mother of the Believers, Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to avoid drinking from the vessels of the Christians.
(b) Abu Abdullah says that Ibrahim bin Yazid al-Khuzi is alone in narrating it from Ibn Abi Mulaykah.
(c) The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the hadith of Ibrahim is not accepted as evidence.
(d) Moreover, this narration, in light of what has just preceded, is to be understood as a prohibition of mere dislike (tanzih).
(b) Abu Abdullah says that Ibrahim bin Yazid al-Khuzi is alone in narrating it from Ibn Abi Mulaykah.
(c) The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the hadith of Ibrahim is not accepted as evidence.
(d) Moreover, this narration, in light of what has just preceded, is to be understood as a prohibition of mere dislike (tanzih).
