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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصيام
Book of Fasting
باب: جواز الفطر في السفر القاصد دون القصير
Chapter: Breaking the fast is permitted on a long journey, not a short one
Bayhaqi 8144 — Breaking the fast is permitted on a long journey
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ مَطَرٍ، أنبأ أَبُو عِمْرَانَ مُوسَى بْنُ سَهْلٍ الْجَوْنِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ زُغْبَةَ يَعْنِي عِيسَى بْنَ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زُغْبَةَ، ثنا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْخَيْرِ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ الْكَلْبِيِّ، أَنَّ دِحْيَةَ بْنَ خَلِيفَةَ خَرَجَ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ بِدِمَشْقَ إِلَى قَدْرِ قَرْيَةِ عُقْبَةَ مِنَ الْفُسْطَاطِ، وَذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَةُ أَمْيَالٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَفْطَرَ وَأَفْطَرَ مَعَهُ أُنَاسٌ، فَكَرِهَ ذَلِكَ آخَرُونَ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَى قَرْيَتِهِ قَالَ: وَاللهِ، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَمْرًا مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنِّي أَرَاهُ، أَنَّ قَوْمًا رَغِبُوا عَنْ هَدْيِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ لِلَّذِينَ صَامُوا، ثُمَّ قَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ: اللهُمَّ اقْبِضْنِي إِلَيْكَ قَالَ اللَّيْثُ: الْأَمْرُ الَّذِي اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يَقْصُرُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَلَا يُفْطِرُوا إِلَّا فِي مَسِيرَةِ أَرْبَعَةِ بُرُدٍ، فِي كُلِّ بَرِيدٍ اثْنَا عَشَرَ مِيلًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: قَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي كِتَابِ الصَّلَاةِ مَا دَلَّ عَلَى هَذَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، وَالَّذِي رُوِّينَا عَنْ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ إِنْ صَحَّ ذَلِكَ فَكَأَنَّهُ ذَهَبَ فِيهِ إِلَى ظَاهِرِ الْآيَةِ فِي الرُّخْصَةِ فِي السَّفَرِ، وَأَرَادَ بِقَوْلِهِ: رَغِبُوا عَنْ هَدْيِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، أَيْ فِي قَبُولِ الرُّخْصَةِ، لَا فِي تَقْدِيرِ السَّفَرِ الَّذِي أَفْطَرَ فِيهِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Mansur al-Kalbi said that Dihyah bin Khalifah (may Allah be pleased with him) set out from his village in Damascus, and that was three miles away; this journey was in Ramadan. Then he broke his fast and people broke their fast with him, while some others disliked it. When he returned to his village he said: "By Allah, I have seen a matter I never thought I would see: I have seen people turning away from the way of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and from the way of his Companions as well." He said this about those who had fasted. Then he said: "O Allah, take me to Yourself." Al-Layth said: What people have agreed upon is that they do not shorten the prayer nor break the fast except on a journey of four burud; in each barid there are twelve miles.
The Shaykh said: We have narrated in the Book of Prayer, from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them), what indicates this. As for what is narrated from Dihyah al-Kalbi, if it is authentic, then it is as though he followed the apparent meaning of the verse granting the concession on a journey, and by his saying 'they turned away from the way of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions' he meant in accepting the concession, not in the estimation of the journey in which he broke his fast. And Allah knows best.
The Shaykh said: We have narrated in the Book of Prayer, from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them), what indicates this. As for what is narrated from Dihyah al-Kalbi, if it is authentic, then it is as though he followed the apparent meaning of the verse granting the concession on a journey, and by his saying 'they turned away from the way of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions' he meant in accepting the concession, not in the estimation of the journey in which he broke his fast. And Allah knows best.
