Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الزكاة
Book of Zakah
باب: ما دل على أن صاع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان عياره خمسة أرطال وثلث.
Chapter: Evidence that the sa' of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) measured five and a third ratls
Bayhaqi 7724 — Evidence that the sa' of the Prophet ﷺ measured five
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ثنا الْخَصِيبُ بْنُ نَاصِحٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْمَدِينِيِّ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ صَاعَنَا أَصْغَرُ الصِّيعَانِ، وَمُدَّنَا أَصْغَرُ الْأَمْدَادِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " اللهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي صَاعِنَا وَمُدِّنَا وَقَلِيلِنَا وَكَثِيرِنَا، وَاجْعَلْ لَنَا مَعَ الْبَرَكَةِ بَرَكَتَيْنِ، اللهُمَّ إَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَبْدَكَ وَخَلِيلَكَ دَعَاكَ لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَإِنِّي عَبْدُكَ وَرَسُولُكَ أَدْعُوكَ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ بِمِثْلِ مَا دَعَاكَ بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ ". وَالَّذِي رَوَاهُ صَالِحُ بْنُ مُوسَى الطَّلْحِيُّ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْغُسْلِ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ صَاعٌ وَالْوُضُوءُ رَطْلَيْنِ وَالصَّاعُ ثَمَانِيَةُ أَرْطَالٍ، فَإِنَّ صَالِحًا يَتَفَرَّدُ بِهِ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفُ الْحَدِيثِ، قَالَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالْحَدِيثِ، وَكَذَلِكَ مَا رُوِيَ عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَمَا رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَتَوَضَّأُ بِرَطْلَيْنِ وَيَغْتَسِلُ بِالصَّاعِ، ثَمَانِيَةُ أَرْطَالٍ إِسْنَادُهُمَا ضَعِيفٌ وَالصَّحِيحُ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَوَضَّأُ بِالْمُدِّ وَيَغْتَسِلُ بِالصَّاعِ إِلَى ⦗٢٨٨⦘ خَمْسَةِ أَمْدَادٍ، ثُمَّ قَدْ أَخْبَرَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُخْرِجُونَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ بِالصَّاعِ الَّذِي يَقْتَاتُونَ بِهِ فَدَلَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مُخَالَفَةِ صَاعِ الزَّكَاةِ وَالْقُوتِ صَاعَ الْغُسْلِ. ثُمَّ قَدْ رَوَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَغْتَسِلُ هِيَ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ إِنَاءٍ قَدْرَ الْفَرَقِ، وَقَدْ دَلَّلْنَا عَلَى أَنَّ الْفَرَقَ ثَلَاثَةُ آصُعٍ، فَإِذَا كَانَ الصَّاعُ خَمْسَةَ أَرْطَالٍ وَثُلُثًا، كَانَ قَدْرُ مَا يَغْتَسِلُ بِهِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا ثَمَانِيَةَ أَرْطَالٍ وَهُوَ صَاعٌ وَنِصْفٌ، وَقَدْرُ مَا يَغْتَسِلُ بِهِ كَانَ يَخْتَلِفُ بِاخْتِلَافِ الِاسْتِعْمَالِ فَلَا مَعْنَى لِتَرْكِ الْأَحَادِيثِ الصَّحِيحَةِ فِي قَدْرِ الصَّاعِ الْمُعَدِّ لِزَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the people said to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): O Messenger of Allah, our sa' is the smallest of all sa's and our mudd is the smallest of all mudds. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Allah, bless us in our sa' and our mudd, in our little and our much, and grant us two blessings along with the blessing. O Allah, Ibrahim, Your servant and Your intimate friend, prayed to You for the people of Makkah, and I, Your servant and Your Messenger, pray to You for the people of Madinah with the like of what Ibrahim prayed for the people of Makkah."
As for what Salih bin Musa al-Talhi narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), that the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the bath for major ritual impurity (janabah) was a sa' (of water), and for ablution two ratls, and that the sa' is eight ratls: Salih is alone in narrating it, and he is da'if (weak) in hadith; Yahya bin Ma'in and other scholars of hadith said so.
Likewise what was narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution with two ratls and the ritual bath with a sa', which is eight ratls: the chains of both are weak. The authentic report from Anas is that he (peace and blessings be upon him) used to perform ablution with a mudd and the ritual bath with a sa', up to five mudds.
Then Sayyidah Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) related that they used to give sadaqat al-fitr with the sa' by which they measured their food.
This shows that the sa' of zakah and of food differs from the sa' of the ritual bath. Then Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) related that she and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to bathe from one vessel the size of a faraq, and we have shown that a faraq is three sa's. If the sa' is five and a third ratls, then the amount each of them bathed with was eight ratls, which is a sa' and a half. The amount used for the bath varied according to the usage, so there is no sense in abandoning, on account of something like this, the authentic hadiths on the size of the sa' set for sadaqat al-fitr. And success is from Allah.
As for what Salih bin Musa al-Talhi narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), that the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the bath for major ritual impurity (janabah) was a sa' (of water), and for ablution two ratls, and that the sa' is eight ratls: Salih is alone in narrating it, and he is da'if (weak) in hadith; Yahya bin Ma'in and other scholars of hadith said so.
Likewise what was narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution with two ratls and the ritual bath with a sa', which is eight ratls: the chains of both are weak. The authentic report from Anas is that he (peace and blessings be upon him) used to perform ablution with a mudd and the ritual bath with a sa', up to five mudds.
Then Sayyidah Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) related that they used to give sadaqat al-fitr with the sa' by which they measured their food.
This shows that the sa' of zakah and of food differs from the sa' of the ritual bath. Then Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) related that she and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to bathe from one vessel the size of a faraq, and we have shown that a faraq is three sa's. If the sa' is five and a third ratls, then the amount each of them bathed with was eight ratls, which is a sa' and a half. The amount used for the bath varied according to the usage, so there is no sense in abandoning, on account of something like this, the authentic hadiths on the size of the sa' set for sadaqat al-fitr. And success is from Allah.
