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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب عتق أمهات الأولاد
Book of Freeing the Mothers of Children
باب: : الخلاف في أمهات الأولاد
Chapter: The disagreement about umm walad
Bayhaqi 21797 — The disagreement about umm walad
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، أنبأ سَعِيدٌ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: انْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَرَجُلٌ إِلَى ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ نَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ أُمِّ الْوَلَدِ: هَلْ تَعْتِقُ؟ فَقَالَ: " تَعْتِقُ مِنْ نَصِيبِ وَلَدِهَا ". قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: يُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بَلَغَهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ حَكَمَ بِعِتْقِهِنَّ بِمَوْتِ سَادَاتِهِنَّ نَصًّا، فَاجْتَمَعَ هُوَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَلَى تَحْرِيمِ بَيْعِهِنَّ، وَيُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ هُوَ وَغَيْرُهُ اسْتَدَلَّ بِبَعْضِ مَا بَلَغَنَا وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى عِتْقِهِنَّ، فَاجْتَمَعَ هُوَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَلَى تَحْرِيمِ بَيْعِهِنَّ، فَالْأَوْلَى بِنَا مُتَابَعَتُهُمْ فِيمَا اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ قَبْلَ الِاخْتِلَافِ، مَعَ الِاسْتِدْلَالِ بِالسُّنَّةِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ..
Zayd bin Wahb (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Another man and I went to Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked him about the freeing of the umm walad. He said: "She is freed from her child's share (of the inheritance)."
The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: It seems likely that a text reached Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) explicitly ruling that they are freed upon the death of their masters, so he and others agreed on prohibiting their sale. It also seems likely that he and others drew evidence from some of what has reached us and been narrated to us from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) indicating their freedom, so he and others agreed on prohibiting their sale. So it is more fitting for us to follow them in what they agreed upon before the disagreement, along with drawing evidence from the Sunnah. And Allah knows best.
The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: It seems likely that a text reached Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) explicitly ruling that they are freed upon the death of their masters, so he and others agreed on prohibiting their sale. It also seems likely that he and others drew evidence from some of what has reached us and been narrated to us from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) indicating their freedom, so he and others agreed on prohibiting their sale. So it is more fitting for us to follow them in what they agreed upon before the disagreement, along with drawing evidence from the Sunnah. And Allah knows best.
