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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: : النكول، ورد اليمين
Chapter: Refusing to take the oath, and returning the oath to the claimant
Bayhaqi 20736 — Refusing to take the oath, and returning the oath
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ ح قَالَ: وَأنبأ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ الثَّقَفِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ يَقُولُ: أَخْبَرَنِي بُشَيْرُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَهْلٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ وَمُحَيِّصَةَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ خَرَجَا إِلَى خَيْبَرَ فَتَفَرَّقَا لِحَاجَتِهِمَا، فَقُتِلَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، فَجَاءَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَحُوَيِّصَةُ وَمُحَيِّصَةُ ابْنَا مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَذَهَبَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ أَخُو الْمَقْتُولِ لَيَتَكَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " الْكِبَرَ، الْكِبَرَ "، فَتَكَلَّمَ حُوَيِّصَةُ وَمُحَيِّصَةُ، فَذَكَرَا لَهُ شَأْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَيَحْلِفُ مِنْكُمْ خَمْسُونَ فَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ قَاتِلَكُمْ أَوْ صَاحِبَكُمْ؟ "، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَمْ نَحْضُرْ، وَلَمْ نَشْهَدْ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " فَتُبْرِئُكُمْ يَهُودُ بِخَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا "، قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَيْفَ نَقْبَلُ أَيْمَانَ قَوْمٍ كُفَّارٍ؟ قَالَ: فَعَقَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ. وَهَكَذَا رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ، عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ بِطُولِهِ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، وَبِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ وَغَيْرُهُمْ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، وَأَمَّا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ فَإِنَّ رِوَايَةَ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَنْهُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " أَفَتُبْرِئُكُمْ يَهُودُ بِخَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا يَحْلِفُونَ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَقْتُلُوهُ؟ "، قَالُوا: وَكَيْفَ نَرْضَى بِأَيْمَانِهِمْ وَهُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ؟ قَالَ: " أَفَيُقْسِمُ مِنْكُمْ خَمْسُونَ أَنَّهُمْ قَتَلُوهُ؟ "، قَالُوا: كَيْفَ نُقْسِمُ عَلَى مَا لَمْ نَرَهُ؟ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ.
Sayyiduna Sahl bin Abi Hathmah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Abdullah bin Sahl al-Ansari and Muhayyisah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with them both) went to Khaybar. They separated for their needs, and Abdullah bin Sahl was killed. Abd al-Rahman bin Sahl, Huwayyisah and Muhayyisah (may Allah be pleased with them) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Abd al-Rahman, the brother of the slain man, began to speak, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Let the elder speak." So Huwayyisah and Muhayyisah (may Allah be pleased with them both) spoke about what had happened to Abdullah bin Sahl. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take fifty oaths and you will become entitled to your slain man." They said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! We were neither present nor witnesses. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then the Jews will clear themselves with fifty oaths?" They said: How can we accept the oaths of a disbelieving people? So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) paid the blood money himself.
(b) In the narration of Ibn Uyaynah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Shall the Jews clear themselves of you with fifty oaths, swearing that they did not kill him?" They said: O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! They are polytheists; how can we be satisfied with their oaths? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then will fifty of you swear that they killed him?" How can we swear to what we did not see?
(b) In the narration of Ibn Uyaynah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Shall the Jews clear themselves of you with fifty oaths, swearing that they did not kill him?" They said: O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! They are polytheists; how can we be satisfied with their oaths? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then will fifty of you swear that they killed him?" How can we swear to what we did not see?
