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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: : القضاء باليمين مع الشاهد
Chapter: Judging by an oath together with one witness
Bayhaqi 20690 — Judging by an oath together with one witness
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، قَالَ: الزَّنْجِيُّ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، أنبأ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " لَا رَجْعَةَ إِلَّا بِشَاهِدَيْنِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ عُذْرٌ، فَيَأْتِيَ بِشَاهِدٍ، وَيَحْلِفَ مَعَ شَاهِدِهِ ". ⦗٢٩٥⦘ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " فَعَطَاءٌ يُفْتِي بِالْيَمِينِ مَعَ الشَّاهِدِ فِيمَا لَا يَقُولُ بِهِ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا "، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " وَالْيَمِينُ مَعَ الشَّاهِدِ لَا يُخَالِفُ مِنْ ظَاهِرِ الْقُرْآنِ شَيْئًا، لِأَنَّا نَحْكُمُ بِشَاهِدَيْنِ، وَبِشَاهِدٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ، وَلَا يَمِينَ، فَإِذَا كَانَ شَاهِدٌ حَكَمْنَا بِشَاهِدٍ وَيَمِينٍ، وَلَيْسَ هَذَا بِخِلَافِ ظَاهِرِ الْقُرْآنِ، لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ أَنْ يَجُوزَ أَقَلُّ مِمَّا نَصَّ عَلَيْهِ فِي كِتَابِهِ "، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَعْنَى مَا أَرَادَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَقَدْ أَمَرَنَا اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ مَا آتَانَا، وَنَنْتَهِيَ عَمَّا نَهَانَا، وَنَسْأَلُ اللهَ الْعِصْمَةَ وَالتَّوْفِيقَ ".
Ibn Jurayj narrates from Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) that for taking back (a divorced wife) two witnesses are required; if there is an excuse, then one witness and one oath.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) gave a ruling by an oath and a witness in a case in which none of us holds that view, and he said:
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: An oath along with a witness is not contrary to the apparent meaning of the Qur'an, because we judge by two witnesses, and by one witness and two women, with no oath; and when there is one witness we judge by a witness and an oath. This is not contrary to the apparent meaning of the Qur'an, because it did not forbid that less than what it explicitly stated in His Book be valid.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) knew best the meaning of what Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, intended, and Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has commanded us to take what he gives us and to refrain from what he forbids us. We ask Allah for protection and success.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) gave a ruling by an oath and a witness in a case in which none of us holds that view, and he said:
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: An oath along with a witness is not contrary to the apparent meaning of the Qur'an, because we judge by two witnesses, and by one witness and two women, with no oath; and when there is one witness we judge by a witness and an oath. This is not contrary to the apparent meaning of the Qur'an, because it did not forbid that less than what it explicitly stated in His Book be valid.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) knew best the meaning of what Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, intended, and Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has commanded us to take what he gives us and to refrain from what he forbids us. We ask Allah for protection and success.
