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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: : القضاء باليمين مع الشاهد
Chapter: Judging by an oath together with one witness
Bayhaqi 20665 — Judging by an oath together with one witness
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ، ثنا عَمَّارُ بْنُ شُعَيْثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْبِ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ جَدِّي الزَّبِيبَ يَقُولُ: " بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَيْشًا إِلَى بَنِي الْعَنْبَرِ، فَأَخَذُوهُمْ بِرَكِيَّةٍ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ الطَّائِفِ، فَاسْتَاقُوهُمْ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَرَكِبْتُ، فَسَبَقْتُهُمْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقُلْتُ: السَّلَامُ ⦗٢٨٩⦘ عَلَيْكَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، أَتَانَا جُنْدُكَ فَأَخَذُونَا، وَقَدْ كُنَّا أَسْلَمْنَا وَخَضْرَمْنَا آذَانَ النَّعَمِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ بَلْعَنْبَرٍ قَالَ لِي نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " هَلْ لَكُمْ بَيِّنَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّكُمْ أَسْلَمْتُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُؤْخَذُوا فِي هَذِهِ الْأَيَّامِ؟ "، قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: " مَنْ بَيِّنَتُكَ "؟ قُلْتُ: سَمُرَةُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي الْعَنْبَرِ، وَرَجُلٌ آخَرُ، سَمَّاهُ لَهُ، فَشَهِدَ الرَّجُلُ، وَأَبَى سَمُرَةُ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ، فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " قَدْ أَبَى أَنْ يَشْهَدَ لَكَ، فَتَحْلِفُ مَعَ شَاهِدِكَ الْآخَرِ؟ "، قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، فَاسْتَحْلَفَنِي، فَحَلَفْتُ بِاللهِ: لَقَدْ أَسْلَمْنَا يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، وَخَضْرَمْنَا آذَانَ النَّعَمِ، فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " اذْهَبُوا فَقَاسِمُوهُمْ أَنْصَافَ الْأَمْوَالِ، وَلَا تَمَسُّوا ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ، لَوْلَا أَنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَا يُحِبُّ ضَلَالَةَ الْعَمَلِ مَا رَزَئْنَاكُمْ عِقَالًا " قَالَ الزَّبِيبُ: فَدَعَتْنِي أُمِّي، فَقَالَتْ: هَذَا الرَّجُلُ أَخَذَ زِرْبِيَّتِي، فَانْصَرَفْتُ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، يَعْنِي: فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، فَقَالَ لِي: " احْبِسْهُ "، فَأَخَذْتُ بِتَلْبِيبِهِ، وَقُمْتُ مَعَهُ مَكَانَنَا، ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَائِمَيْنِ فَقَالَ: " مَا تُرِيدُ بِأَسِيرِكَ "؟ فَأَرْسَلْتُهُ مِنْ يَدِيَّ، فَقَامَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ: " رُدَّ عَلَى هَذَا زِرْبِيَّةَ أُمِّهِ الَّتِي أَخَذْتَ مِنْهَا "، فَقَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، إِنَّهَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْ يَدِيَّ، قَالَ: فَاخْتَلَعَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَيْفَ الرَّجُلِ فَأَعْطَانِيهِ، فَقَالَ لِرَجُلٍ: " اذْهَبْ فَزِدْهُ آصُعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ "، قَالَ: فَزَادَنِي آصُعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ ". قَوْلُهُ: خَضْرَمْنَا آذَانَ النَّعَمِ، يُرِيدُ: قَطَعْنَا أَطْرَافَ آذَانِهَا، كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْأَمْوَالِ عَلَامَةً بَيْنَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ وَبَيْنَ مَنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ، قَالَهُ أَبُو سُلَيْمَانَ الْخَطَّابِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ، قَالَ: وَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ اسْتِعْمَالُ الْيَمِينِ مَعَ الشَّاهِدِ فِي غَيْرِ الْأَمْوَالِ، إِلَّا أَنَّ إِسْنَادَهُ لَيْسَ بِذَاكَ، قَالَ: وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَيْضًا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْيَمِينُ قُصِدَ بِهَا هَهُنَا الْمَالُ، لِأَنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ يَحْقِنُ الْمَالَ كَمَا يَحْقِنُ الدَّمَ ".
Ammar bin Shu'ayth bin Abdullah bin Zubayb (may Allah have mercy on him) said: My father narrated to me; he said: I heard my grandfather Zubayb (may Allah be pleased with him) say: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent an army towards Banu al-Anbar. They seized them at a well near al-Ta'if and drove them to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). I rode and reached the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ahead of them, and greeted him with salam (and said): Your army came to us and seized us, although we had already become Muslims before that and had also clipped the ears of our livestock. When Banu al-Anbar arrived, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "Do you have any proof that you had become Muslims before these days?" I said: Yes. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What is your proof?" I said: Samurah, a man from Banu al-Anbar, and I named another man. The other man testified, but Samurah refused to testify. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He has refused to testify; now will you swear an oath along with your (other) witness?" I said: Yes. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked me to take an oath, and I swore by Allah that we had become Muslims on such-and-such a day and had clipped the ears of our animals. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go and divide their wealth with them by halves, and do not touch their children. Were it not that Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, does not like effort to go to waste, we would not have taken from you even a hobbling rope." Zubayb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: My mother called me and said: This man has taken my rug. So I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Hold him." So I seized him by his collar and stood with him in our place. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw the two of us standing and said: "What do you intend to do with your captive?" So I let him go from my hand. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and said to the man: "Return to him his mother's rug that you took from her." He said: O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it has gone out of my hands. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took the man's sword and gave it to me, and said (to a man): "Go and give him some sa' of grain." The narrator says: He gave me a few sa' of barley.
"Khadramna" (we clipped the ears): this was done to distinguish the property of a Muslim from that of a disbeliever.
Abu Sulayman al-Khattabi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: In this hadith an oath along with a witness is applied in matters other than property, except that its chain is not strong.
"Khadramna" (we clipped the ears): this was done to distinguish the property of a Muslim from that of a disbeliever.
Abu Sulayman al-Khattabi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: In this hadith an oath along with a witness is applied in matters other than property, except that its chain is not strong.
