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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب آداب القاضي
Book of the Etiquette of the Judge
باب: ما لا يحتمل القسمة
Chapter: What cannot be divided
Bayhaqi 20447 — What cannot be divided
اُردوEn
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْكَارِزِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ فِي حَدِيثِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا تَعْضِيَةَ فِي مِيرَاثٍ إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَ الْقَسْمُ ". قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: حَدَّثَنِيهِ حَجَّاجٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ صِدِّيقِ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ، قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: قَوْلُهُ: " لَا تَعْضِيَةَ فِي مِيرَاثٍ "، يَعْنِي أَنْ يَمُوتَ الْمَيِّتُ، وَيَدَعَ شَيْئًا، إِنْ قُسِّمَ بَيْنَ وَرَثَتِهِ، إِذَا أَرَادَ بَعْضُهُمُ الْقِسْمَةَ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ ضَرَرٌ عَلَيْهِِمْ، أَوْ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ، يَقُولُ: فَلَا يُقَسَّمُ، وَالتَّعْضِيَةُ التَّفْرِيقُ، وَهُوَ مَأْخُوذٌ مِنَ الْإِعْضَاءِ، يُقَالُ: عَضَيْتُ اللَّحْمَ إِذَا فَرَّقْتُهُ. قَالَ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ: قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدِيمِ: وَلَا يَكُونُ مِثْلُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ حُجَّةً لِأَنَّهُ ضَعِيفٌ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَنْ لَقِينَا مِنْ فُقَهَائِنَا. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَإِنَّمَا ضَعَّفَهُ لِانْقِطَاعِهِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الْكَافَّةِ.
Muhammad bin Abi Bakr bin Hazm (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates a marfu' hadith from his father (may Allah have mercy on him). Abu Ubayd said about the saying "There is no (harmful) dividing up in inheritance": it means that a person dies and leaves something which, if it were divided among his heirs when some of them want the division, would cause harm to them or to some of them; he says: then it is not to be divided. Ta'diyah means separating; it is derived from a'da' (limbs), as one says: "I cut the meat into pieces."
Al-Shafi'i said in his earlier works (al-Qadim): A hadith like this is not a proof, because it is weak, and this is the view of the jurists we met.
He declared it weak only because its chain is broken (munqati'), and this is the view of all.
Al-Shafi'i said in his earlier works (al-Qadim): A hadith like this is not a proof, because it is weak, and this is the view of the jurists we met.
He declared it weak only because its chain is broken (munqati'), and this is the view of all.
