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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب آداب القاضي
Book of the Etiquette of the Judge
باب: ما يقضي به القاضي ويفتي به المفتي، فإنه غيرجائز له أن يقلد أحدا من أهل دهره، ولا أن يحكم أو يفتي بالاستحسان
Chapter: What the judge rules by and the mufti gives fatwa by; it is not permissible for him to follow anyone of his time blindly, nor to rule or give fatwa by istihsan
Bayhaqi 20347 — What the judge rules by and the mufti gives fatwa
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ إِمْلَاءً وَقِرَاءَةً، أنبأ أَبُو حَامِدِ بْنُ بِلَالٍ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ الْمَكِّيُّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ إِدْرِيسَ الْأَوْدِيِّ، قَالَ: أَخْرَجَ إِلَيْنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ كِتَابًا فَقَالَ: " هَذَا كِتَابُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ، قَالَ فِيهِ: " الْفَهْمَ الْفَهْمَ فِيمَا يَخْتَلِجُ فِي صَدْرِكَ مِمَّا لَمْ يَبْلُغْكَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَالسُّنَّةِ، فَتَعَرَّفِ الْأَمْثَالَ وَالْأَشْبَاهَ، ثُمَّ قِسِ الْأُمُورَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ، وَاعْمِدْ إِلَى أَحَبِّهَا إِلَى اللهِ، وَأَشْبَهِهَا فِيمَا تَرَى ".
Idris al-Awdi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sa'id bin Abi Burdah (may Allah have mercy on him) brought out a letter and said that this letter was from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) to Sayyiduna Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him). He mentioned the hadith, in which it says: Understand! Understand well! When a matter raises doubts in your heart and it is not found in the Qur'an and Sunnah, then try to recognise similar matters, then make analogy between the matters, and aim for what is most beloved to Allah Almighty and most closely resembles what is in your view.
