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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجزية
Book of Jizyah
باب: المهادنة إلى غير مدة
Chapter: A truce without a fixed term
Bayhaqi 18819 — A truce without a fixed term
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَجْلَى الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى مِنْ أَرْضِ الْحِجَازِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا ظَهَرَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ أَرَادَ إِخْرَاجَ الْيَهُودِ مِنْهَا فَكَانَتِ الْأَرْضُ حِينَ ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهَا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَرَادَ إِخْرَاجَ الْيَهُودِ مِنْهَا فَسَأَلَتِ الْيَهُودُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيُقِرَّهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَكْفُوهُ عَمَلَهَا وَلَهُمْ نِصْفُ الثَّمَرِ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " نُقِرُّكُمْ بِهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْنَا "، فَقَرُّوا بِهَا حَتَّى أَجْلَاهُمْ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى تَيْمَاءَ وَأَرِيحَا. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ، وَإِسْحَاقِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فَقَالَ: وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ. وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ الْفُضَيْلُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ: " نُقِرُّكُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْنَا ". وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ: " أُقِرُّكُمْ فِيهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْنَا ". وَفِي رِوَايَةِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ: " مَا بَدَا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ". وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " نُقِرُّكُمْ مَا أَقَرَّكُمُ اللهُ ". وَكَذَلِكَ فِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا: " أُقِرُّكُمْ مَا أَقَرَّكُمُ اللهُ ". وَرَوَاهُ صَالِحُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَخْضَرِ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مَوْصُولًا. وَقَدْ مَضَتْ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتُ بِأَسَانِيدِهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: فَإِنْ قِيلَ فَلِمَ لَا تَقُولُ أُقِرُّكُمْ مَا أَقَرَّكُمُ اللهُ، يَعْنِي كُلَّ إِمَامٍ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قِيلَ: الْفَرْقُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أَنَّ أَمْرَ اللهِ كَانَ يَأْتِي رَسُولَهُ بِالْوَحْيِ وَلَا يَأْتِي أَحَدًا غَيْرَهُ بِوَحْيٍ.
Nafi' narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) exiled the Jews and the Christians from the land of the Hijaz. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had conquered Khaybar, he wanted to expel the Jews from there, because this land belonged to Allah, the Messenger and the Muslims. When he resolved to expel the Jews, the Jews asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): If you let us work on the lands, then half of the fruit will be yours. He said: "We will keep you here for as long as we wish." He did keep them, but Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) exiled them towards the settlements of Tayma' and Ariha.
(b) Musa bin Uqbah (may Allah have mercy on him) says that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "We will keep you for as long as we wish."
(c) Usamah bin Zayd (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "I will keep you on this for as long as I wish."
(d) Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "We will keep you for as long as Allah, the Lord of Might, keeps you."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: If it is asked why every imam after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) may not say: "I will keep you as long as Allah keeps you," the answer is that the difference between him and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is that the command of Allah used to come to the Messenger through revelation, whereas revelation does not come to anyone else.
(b) Musa bin Uqbah (may Allah have mercy on him) says that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "We will keep you for as long as we wish."
(c) Usamah bin Zayd (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "I will keep you on this for as long as I wish."
(d) Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "We will keep you for as long as Allah, the Lord of Might, keeps you."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: If it is asked why every imam after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) may not say: "I will keep you as long as Allah keeps you," the answer is that the difference between him and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is that the command of Allah used to come to the Messenger through revelation, whereas revelation does not come to anyone else.
