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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: من كره شراء أرض الخراج
Chapter: Those who disliked buying land subject to land tax
Bayhaqi 18400 — Those who disliked buying land subject to land tax
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْكَارِزِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الْعُقَيْلِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عِيَاضٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " لَا تَشْتَرُوا رَقِيقَ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ خَرَاجٍ يُؤَدِّي بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ، وَأَرْضِيهِمْ فَلَا تَبْتَاعُوهَا، وَلَا يُقِرَّنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ بِالصَّغَارِ بَعْدَ إِذْ نَجَّاهُ اللهُ مِنْهُ ". قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: أَرَادَ فِيمَا نَرَى أَنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَتْ لَهُ مَمَالِيكُ وَأَرْضٌ وَأَمْوَالٌ ظَاهِرَةٌ كَانَتْ أَكْثَرَ لِجِزْيَتِهِ، وَكَانَتْ سُنَّةُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِيهِمْ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ يَضَعُ الْجِزْيَةَ عَلَى قَدْرِ الْيَسَارِ وَالْعُسْرِ، فَلِهَذَا كَرِهَ أَنْ يُشْتَرَى رَقِيقُهُمْ، وَأَمَّا شِرَاءُ الْأَرْضِ فَإِنَّهُ ذَهَبَ فِيهِ إِلَى الْخَرَاجِ كَرِهَ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، أَلَا تَرَاهُ يَقُولُ: وَلَا يُقِرَّنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ بِالصَّغَارِ بَعْدَ إِذْ نَجَّاهُ اللهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: وَقَدْ رَخَّصَ فِي ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ عُمَرَ رِجَالٌ مِنْ أَكَابِرِ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، مِنْهُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَكَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ بِرَاذَانَ، وَخَبَّابُ بْنُ الْأَرَتِّ وَغَيْرُهُمَا.
Abu Iyad narrates from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): Do not buy slaves from a dhimmi, for they are people who pay jizyah, some of them paying on behalf of others; and do not buy their lands either. Why should any of you put himself into humiliation when Allah, the Lord of Might, has saved him from it?
Abu Ubayd said: In our view, what he meant is that when a dhimmi has slaves, land and visible wealth, his jizyah is greater, and the practice of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was to fix the jizyah on them according to their ease and hardship. For this reason he disliked buying their slaves. As for buying the land, he had the kharaj in view: he disliked that this kharaj should fall upon the Muslims. Do you not see that he says: Let none of you put himself into humiliation when Allah has saved him from it? After Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), senior Companions, among them Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud, who had land in Radhan, and Khabbab bin al-Aratt (may Allah be pleased with them both), and others, granted a concession in this matter.
Abu Ubayd said: In our view, what he meant is that when a dhimmi has slaves, land and visible wealth, his jizyah is greater, and the practice of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was to fix the jizyah on them according to their ease and hardship. For this reason he disliked buying their slaves. As for buying the land, he had the kharaj in view: he disliked that this kharaj should fall upon the Muslims. Do you not see that he says: Let none of you put himself into humiliation when Allah has saved him from it? After Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), senior Companions, among them Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud, who had land in Radhan, and Khabbab bin al-Aratt (may Allah be pleased with them both), and others, granted a concession in this matter.
