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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: المشركين يسلمون قبل الأسر وما على الإمام وغيره من التثبت إذا تكلموا بما يشبه الإقرار بالإسلام ويشبه غيره
Chapter: Polytheists who accept Islam before capture, and the verification required of the ruler and others when they say words resembling both an acknowledgement of Islam and something else
Bayhaqi 18270 — Polytheists who accept Islam before capture
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ⦗١٩٦⦘ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ زِيَادَ بْنَ ضُمَيْرَةَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ السُّلَمِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ أَبَاهُ وَجَدَّهُ شَهِدَا حُنَيْنًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَا: صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الظُّهْرَ، ثُمَّ عَمَدَ إِلَى ظِلِّ شَجَرَةٍ، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ الْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ وَعُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فِي دَمِ عَامِرِ بْنِ الْأَضْبَطِ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ، وَكَانَ قَتَلَهُ مُحَلِّمُ بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، فَعُيَيْنَةُ يَطْلُبُ بِدَمِ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ عَامِرِ بْنِ الْأَضْبَطِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مِنْ قَيْسٍ، وَالْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ يَدْفَعُ عَنْ مُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مِنْ خِنْدِفَ وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ سَيِّدُ خِنْدِفَ، فَسَمِعْنَا عُيَيْنَةَ يَقُولُ: وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَا أَدَعُهُ حَتَّى أُذِيقَ نِسَاءَهُ مِنَ الْحَرِّ مَا أَذَاقَ نِسَائِي. وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " تَأْخُذُونَ الدِّيَةَ خَمْسِينَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا، وَخَمْسِينَ إِذَا رَجَعْنَا "، وَهُوَ يَأْبَى، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي لَيْثٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ مُكَيْتِلٌ مَجْمُوعٌ قَصِيرٌ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، مَا وَجَدْتُ لِهَذَا الْقَتِيلِ فِي غُرَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ إِلَّا كَعِيرٍ وَرَدَتْ فَرُمِيَتْ أُولَاهَا فَنَفَرَتْ أُخْرَاهَا، اسْنُنِ الْيَوْمَ وَغَيِّرْ غَدًا. فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " تَأْخُذُونَ الدِّيَةَ خَمْسِينَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا وَخَمْسِينَ إِذَا رَجَعْنَا "، فَقَبِلَهَا الْقَوْمُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " ائْتُوا بِصَاحِبِكُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَجَاءُوا بِهِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ آدَمُ طَوِيلٌ ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ حُلَّةً لَهُ قَدْ تَهَيَّأَ فِيهَا لِلْقَتْلِ، فَجَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ: " مَا اسْمُكَ؟ " فَقَالَ: مُحَلِّمُ بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " اللهُمَّ لَا تَغْفِرْ لِمُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ، اللهُمَّ لَا تَغْفِرْ لِمُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ، اللهُمَّ لَا تَغْفِرْ لِمُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ ". ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: " قُمْ "، فَقَامَ وَهُوَ يَتَلَقَّى دَمْعَهُ بِفَضْلِ رِدَائِهِ، فَأَمَّا نَحْنُ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا فَنَقُولُ: إِنَّا لَنَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدِ اسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ، وَلَكِنْ أَظْهَرَ هَذَا لِيَنْزِعَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ، فَأَمَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذَا. وَبِمَعْنَاهُ رَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ..
Ziyad bin Dumayrah bin Sa'd al-Sulami narrated to Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) that his father and grandfather were present with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Battle of Hunayn. Both of them (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) led us in the Zuhr prayer, then went to the shade of a tree. Al-Aqra' bin Habis and Uyaynah bin Badr (may Allah be pleased with them both) came to him disputing over the blood of Amir bin al-Adbat (may Allah be pleased with him), whom Muhallim bin Jaththamah (may Allah be pleased with him) had killed. Uyaynah bin Badr (may Allah be pleased with him) was demanding (retaliation for) the blood of Amir bin al-Adbat (may Allah be pleased with him) because he was from Qays, and al-Aqra' bin Habis (may Allah be pleased with him) was defending Muhallim bin Jaththamah (may Allah be pleased with him) because he was (from Khindif, and al-Aqra' was) at that time the chief of the tribe of Khindif. We heard Uyaynah (may Allah be pleased with him) saying: "O Messenger of Allah, I will not leave him until I make his women taste the grief that he made my women taste." And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was saying: "Take the blood money: fifty (camels) on this journey of ours and fifty when we return." But he kept refusing. Then a man of Banu Layth stood up, called Mukaytil, who was stocky and short. He said: "O Messenger of Allah, I find nothing (to compare) this man slain at the dawn of Islam to except camels that came to water: the first of them was shot, so the last of them fled. Set a precedent today and change it tomorrow."
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his hand and said: "Take the blood money: fifty (camels) on this journey of ours and fifty when we return." The people accepted the blood money. Then he said: "Bring your companion so that the Messenger of Allah may seek forgiveness for him." They brought him, and a tall, brown-skinned man stood up, wearing a suit of clothes (hullah) in which he had prepared himself to be killed. He sat down before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him: "What is your name?" He said: Muhallim bin Jaththamah. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Allah, do not forgive Muhallim bin Jaththamah." He said it three times. Then he said to him: "Stand up." He stood up, wiping his tears with the edge of his cloak. As for us, we were saying among ourselves: We hope that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has (in fact) sought forgiveness for him, but he displayed this so that people would desist from (attacking) one another. As for what appeared from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it was this.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his hand and said: "Take the blood money: fifty (camels) on this journey of ours and fifty when we return." The people accepted the blood money. Then he said: "Bring your companion so that the Messenger of Allah may seek forgiveness for him." They brought him, and a tall, brown-skinned man stood up, wearing a suit of clothes (hullah) in which he had prepared himself to be killed. He sat down before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him: "What is your name?" He said: Muhallim bin Jaththamah. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Allah, do not forgive Muhallim bin Jaththamah." He said it three times. Then he said to him: "Stand up." He stood up, wiping his tears with the edge of his cloak. As for us, we were saying among ourselves: We hope that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has (in fact) sought forgiveness for him, but he displayed this so that people would desist from (attacking) one another. As for what appeared from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it was this.
