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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: من زعم لا تقام الحدود في أرض الحرب حتى يرجع
Chapter: Those who held that the prescribed punishments are not implemented in enemy territory until return
Bayhaqi 18227 — Those who held that the prescribed punishments
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: ثنا ⦗١٧٩⦘ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّازِيُّ خَتَنُ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، وَعَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: شَرِبَ عَبْدُ بْنُ الْأَزْوَرِ وَضِرَارُ بْنُ الْأَزْوَرِ وَأَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو بِالشَّامِ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِمْ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ أَبُو جَنْدَلٍ: وَاللهِ مَا شَرِبْتُهَا إِلَّا عَلَى تَأْوِيلِ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ اللهَ يَقُولُ: {لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا إِذَا مَا اتَّقَوْا وَآمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ} [المائدة: ٩٣]. فَكَتَبَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ إِلَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِأَمْرِهِمْ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ الْأَزْوَرِ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ حَضَرَ لَنَا عَدُوُّنَا، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُؤَخِّرَنَا إِلَى أَنْ نَلْقَى عَدُوَّنَا غَدًا، فَإِنِ اللهُ أَكْرَمَنَا بِالشَّهَادَةِ كَفَاكَ ذَاكَ وَلَمْ تُقِمْنَا عَلَى خَزَايَةٍ وَإِنْ نَرْجِعْ نَظَرْتَ إِلَى مَا أَمَرَكَ بِهِ صَاحِبُكَ فَأَمْضَيْتَهُ. قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: فَنَعَمْ. فَلَمَّا الْتَقَى النَّاسُ قُتِلَ عَبْدُ بْنُ الْأَزْوَرِ شَهِيدًا، فَرَجَعَ الْكِتَابُ كِتَابُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ الَّذِي أَوْقَعَ أَبَا جَنْدَلٍ فِي الْخَطِيئَةِ قَدْ تَهَيَّأَ لَهُ فِيهَا بِالْحُجَّةِ، وَإِذَا أَتَاكَ كِتَابِي هَذَا فَأَقِمْ عَلَيْهِمْ حَدَّهُمْ وَالسَّلَامُ. فَدَعَاهُمَا أَبُو عُبَيْدَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَحَدَّهُمَا، وَأَبُو جَنْدَلٍ لَهُ شَرَفٌ وَلِأَبِيهِ، فَكَانَ يُحَدِّثُ نَفْسَهُ حَتَّى قِيلَ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ وُسْوِسَ، فَكَتَبَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ إِلَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا: أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي قَدْ ضَرَبْتُ أَبَا جَنْدَلٍ حَدَّهُ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ حَدَّثَ نَفْسَهُ حَتَّى قَدْ خَشِينَا عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ هَلَكَ. فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي جَنْدَلٍ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ الَّذِي أَوْقَعَكَ فِي الْخَطِيئَةِ قَدْ خَزَنَ عَلَيْكَ التَّوْبَةَ، بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ {حم تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ غَافِرِ الذَّنْبِ وَقَابِلِ التَّوْبِ شَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ ذِي الطَّوْلِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَصِيرُ} [غافر: ٢]، فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ كِتَابَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ذَهَبَ عَنْهُ مَا كَانَ بِهِ كَأَنَّمَا أُنْشِطَ مِنْ عِقَالٍ.
Yahya bin Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that Abd bin al-Azwar, Dirar bin al-Azwar and Abu Jandal bin Suhayl bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them) drank wine in Syria. They were brought to Abu Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him). Abu Jandal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah, I only drank it on the understanding of this Qur'anic verse: "There is no sin upon those who believe and do righteous deeds for what they have eaten, so long as they fear Allah and believe and do righteous deeds." [Surah al-Ma'idah: 93] So Abu Ubaydah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) about their matter. Then Abd bin al-Azwar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Our enemy is present before us. If you see fit to give us respite until we meet our enemy tomorrow, then if Allah honours us with martyrdom, that will suffice you and you will not make us stand in disgrace; and if we return, you can look to what your companion (Umar) orders you and carry it out. Abu Ubaydah (may Allah be pleased with him) agreed. When the people met in battle, Abd bin al-Azwar (may Allah be pleased with him) was killed as a martyr. Then the letter of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came back: The one who led Abu Jandal into the sin is the one who prepared the argument for him in it. When this letter of mine reaches you, carry out their prescribed punishment upon them. Peace. So Abu Ubaydah (may Allah be pleased with him) called the two of them and carried out the prescribed punishment on them. Abu Jandal (may Allah be pleased with him) and his father had a standing of honour. He began talking to himself, until it was said that his mind had become disturbed. So Abu Ubaydah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): I gave Abu Jandal his prescribed punishment, and he has been talking to himself so much that we fear he is ruined. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Abu Jandal (may Allah be pleased with him): After praise and glorification: The one who led you into the sin has barred repentance from you. "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Ha Mim. The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Almighty, the All-Knowing, the Forgiver of sin and the Acceptor of repentance, severe in punishment, the Possessor of bounty. There is no god but Him; to Him is the final return." [Surah Ghafir: 1-3] When he read the letter of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), the state he was in left him, as though he had been released from a tether.
