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Bayhaqi 18195 — Permissibility of one man or a few men fighting alone

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ أَسْلَمَ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ، قَالَ: " غَزَوْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ، يُرِيدُ الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةَ، وَعَلَى الْجَمَاعَةِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، وَالرُّومُ مُلْصِقُو ظُهُورِهِمْ بِحَائِطِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَحَمَلَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى الْعَدُوِّ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: مَهْ مَهْ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ يُلْقِي بِيَدِهِ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ، فَقَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِينَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ، لَمَّا نَصَرَ اللهُ نَبِيَّهُ وَأَظْهَرَ الْإِسْلَامَ قُلْنَا: هَلُمَّ نُقِيمُ فِي أَمْوَالِنَا وَنُصْلِحُهَا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: {وَأَنْفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَلَا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ} [البقرة: ١٩٥]، فَالْإِلْقَاءُ بِأَيْدِينَا إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ أَنْ نُقِيمَ فِي أَمْوَالِنَا وَنُصْلِحَهَا وَنَدَعَ الْجِهَادَ ". قَالَ أَبُو عِمْرَانَ: فَلَمْ يَزَلْ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ يُجَاهِدُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ حَتَّى دُفِنَ بِالْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى أَحَادِيثُ ".
Yazid bin Abi Habib narrates from Aslam Abu Imran that he said: We went on a campaign to Constantinople, and the commander at that time was Abd al-Rahman bin Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with them both). The Romans were standing with their backs against the wall of the city. A man charged at the enemy. The people said: "Stop, stop! There is no god but Allah; he is throwing himself into destruction with his own hands." Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "This verse was revealed about us, the Ansar. When Allah Almighty helped His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and gave Islam dominance, we said (among ourselves): Come! Now let us stay with our wealth and set it in order. Thereupon Allah Almighty revealed this verse: 'And spend in the way of Allah, and do not throw yourselves into destruction with your own hands.' [Surah al-Baqarah: 195] So throwing ourselves into destruction with our own hands means that we occupy ourselves with setting our wealth in order and abandon jihad."
Abu Imran said: Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) kept striving in the way of Allah until he was buried in Constantinople.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب السير / 18195
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح۔ تقدم برقم ١٧٩٢٥»