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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: قتل من لا قتال فيه من الكفار جائز وإن كان الاشتغال بغيره أولى
Chapter: Killing disbelievers who take no part in fighting is permissible, though engaging others is better
Bayhaqi 18167 — Killing disbelievers who take no part in fighting
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ السَّمَّاكِ، ثنا حَنْبَلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، ثنا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أنبأ هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّهُ " كَانَ مَعَ أَبِيهِ يَوْمَ الْيَرْمُوكِ، فَلَمَّا انْهَزَمَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَحَمَلَ، فَجَعَلَ يُجِيزُ عَلَى جَرْحَاهُمْ ". قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " وَلَا أَعْلَمُ يَثْبُتُ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خِلَافُ هَذَا، وَلَوْ كَانَ ثَبَتَ لَكَانَ يُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْجِدِّ عَلَى قِتَالِ مَنْ يُقَاتِلُهُمْ، وَلَا يَتَشَاغَلُوا بِالْمُقَامِ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ هَؤُلَاءِ ". قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: " وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ هَذَا لِأَنَّ الرِّوَايَاتِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كُلَّهَا مَرَاسِيلُ، إِلَّا أَنَّهَا رُوِيَتْ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ وَرَوَاهَا ابْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ، وَهُوَ حَسَنُ الْمُرْسَلِ، ⦗١٥٩⦘ وَذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ عَنْهُ حَدِيثَ الْمُرَقَّعِ، ثُمَّ ضَعَّفَهُ بِأَنَّ مُرَقَّعًا لَيْسَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَذَكَرَ حَدِيثَ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَهَذَا كَالَّذِي ذَكَرْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِهِ مَجْهُولٌ، وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبَةَ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَهُوَ أَضْعَفُ مِمَّا رَدَّهُ بِالْجَهَالَةِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: I was with my father at the battle of Yarmuk. When the idolaters were defeated, he charged and began finishing off their wounded.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I do not know of anything established from Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) contrary to this. And if it were established, it would most likely mean that he ordered them to be earnest in fighting those who fight them, and not to busy themselves with staying at the places of these (monks).
The Shaykh says: He said this only because the narrations we have mentioned from Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) are all mursal (with a break in the chain), although they have been narrated through several routes, and Ibn al-Musayyab narrated them, whose mursal reports are good. In the narration of Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Baghdadi from him, al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned the hadith of al-Muraqqa' and then declared it weak, because al-Muraqqa' is not well known. He also mentioned the hadith of Ayyub from a man from his father, and then said: This, like the one we mentioned before it, is majhul (unknown). As for the hadith of Ibrahim bin Isma'il bin Abi Habibah, al-Shafi'i did not mention it, and it is weaker than what he rejected for its unknown narrators. And Allah knows best.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I do not know of anything established from Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) contrary to this. And if it were established, it would most likely mean that he ordered them to be earnest in fighting those who fight them, and not to busy themselves with staying at the places of these (monks).
The Shaykh says: He said this only because the narrations we have mentioned from Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) are all mursal (with a break in the chain), although they have been narrated through several routes, and Ibn al-Musayyab narrated them, whose mursal reports are good. In the narration of Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Baghdadi from him, al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned the hadith of al-Muraqqa' and then declared it weak, because al-Muraqqa' is not well known. He also mentioned the hadith of Ayyub from a man from his father, and then said: This, like the one we mentioned before it, is majhul (unknown). As for the hadith of Ibrahim bin Isma'il bin Abi Habibah, al-Shafi'i did not mention it, and it is weaker than what he rejected for its unknown narrators. And Allah knows best.
