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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: ما يفعله بالرجال البالغين منهم
Chapter: What is done with the adult men among them
Bayhaqi 18039 — What is done with the adult men among them
اُردوEn
وَأَمَّا الْمُفَادَاةُ بِالْمَالِ فَفِيمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَرْفِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا حَمْزَةُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، ثنا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي زُمَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: وَكَانَ أَكْثَرُ حَدِيثِهِ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ قَالَ: " مَا تَرَوْنَ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْأُسَارَى؟ ". فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، بَنُو الْعَمِّ وَالْعَشِيرَةُ ⦗١١٦⦘ وَالْإِخْوَانُ، غَيْرَ أَنَّا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمُ الْفِدَاءَ؛ لِيَكُونَ لَنَا قُوَّةً عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَعَسَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَيَكُونُوا لَنَا عَضُدًا. قَالَ: " فَمَاذَا تَرَى يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ؟ ". قُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، مَا أَرَى الَّذِي رَأَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَكِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ أَئِمَّةُ الْكُفْرِ وَصَنَادِيدُهُمْ فَقَرِّبْهُمْ وَاضْرِبْ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ. قَالَ: فَهَوِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَلَمْ يَهْوَ مَا قُلْتُ أَنَا، فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُمُ الْفِدَاءَ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ غَدَوْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَإِذَا هُوَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَاعِدَانِ يَبْكِيَانِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، أَخْبِرْنِي مِنْ أِيِّ شَيْءٍ تَبْكِي أَنْتَ وَصَاحِبُكَ؟ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بُكَاءً بَكَيْتُ، وَإِلَّا تَبَاكَيْتُ لِبُكَائِكُمَا. قَالَ: الَّذِي عَرَضَ عَلَيَّ أَصْحَابُكَ، لَقَدْ عُرِضَ عَلَيَّ عَذَابُكُمْ أَدْنَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ، وَشَجَرَةٌ قُرَيْبَةٌ حِينَئِذٍ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا وَاللهُ يُرِيدُ الْآخِرَةَ} [الأنفال: ٦٧] الْآيَةَ. أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، زَادَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: {فَكُلُوا مِمَّا غَنِمْتُمْ حَلَالًا طَيِّبًا} [الأنفال: ٦٩]، فَأَحَلَّ اللهُ الْغَنِيمَةَ لَهُمْ وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي كِتَابِ الْقَسْمِ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) (most of his hadiths are from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)): On the day of Badr, he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is your opinion about these captives?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Prophet of Allah! They are the sons of our paternal uncles, our clan and our brothers. If we take ransom from them and release them, perhaps Allah Almighty will guide them, and we will also gain financial strength against the polytheists. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "O Ibn al-Khattab! What is your opinion?" I said: O Prophet of Allah! My opinion is not that of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him); rather, these are the leaders of disbelief, so strike off their heads. But the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) accepted the opinion of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and did not accept mine. He (peace and blessings be upon him) took ransom from them. The next morning I went to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and saw that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and he (peace and blessings be upon him) were sitting and weeping. I asked: O Prophet of Allah! Tell me, what has made you and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) weep? If there is a reason to weep, I will weep too, or else I will weep because you two are weeping. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Because of what your companions put forward to me (about taking ransom), your punishment was shown to me closer than this tree. Then Allah Almighty revealed the Qur'an: 'It is not fitting for a prophet to have captives until he has thoroughly subdued (the enemy) in the land. You desire the goods of this world, while Allah intends the Hereafter.' [Surah al-Anfal: 67]" (b) Ikrimah bin Ammar (may Allah have mercy on him) added something: "So eat of what you have taken as spoils, as lawful and good." [Surah al-Anfal: 69]
