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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: قسمة الغنيمة في دار الحرب
Chapter: Dividing the war booty in enemy territory
Bayhaqi 17982 — Dividing the war booty in enemy territory
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أنبأ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ الْبَغَوِيُّ، وَأَبُو يَعْلَى الْمَوْصِلِيُّ، وَالْحَسَنُ النَّسَوِيُّ، قَالُوا: ثنا هُدْبَةُ، ثنا هَمَّامٌ، ثنا قَتَادَةُ، ⦗٩٧⦘ عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اعْتَمَرَ أَرْبَعَ عُمَرٍ، كُلُّهُنَّ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ إِلَّا الَّتِي فِي حَجَّتِهِ، عُمْرَةً فِي الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ، أَوْ زَمَنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، وَعُمْرَةً مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ، وَعُمْرَةً مِنَ الْجِعْرَانَةِ حَيْثُ قَسَمَ غَنَائِمَ حُنَيْنٍ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، وَعُمْرَةً مَعَ حَجَّتِهِ ". هَذَا حَدِيثُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ. وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: عُمْرَةً مِنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى عُمْرَتَهُ مِنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ هُدْبَةَ، وَفِي هَذَا دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَسَمَ غَنَائِمَ حُنَيْنٍ بِهَا. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " فَأَمَّا مَا احْتَجَّ بِهِ أَبُو يُوسُفَ مِنْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَقْسِمْ غَنَائِمَ بَدْرٍ حَتَّى وَرَدَ الْمَدِينَةَ، وَمَا ثَبَتَ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ بِأَنْ قَالَ: وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَسْهَمَ لِعُثْمَانَ وَطَلْحَةَ وَلَمْ يَشْهَدَا بَدْرًا، فَإِنْ كَانَ كَمَا قَالَ فَهُوَ يُخَالِفُ سُنَّةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؛ لِأَنَّهُ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ أَحَدًا لَمْ يَشْهَدِ الْوَقْعَةَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ مَدَدًا، وَلَيْسَ كَمَا قَالَ: قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَنَائِمَ بَدْرٍ بِسَيْرِ شِعْبٍ مِنْ شِعَابِ الصَّفْرَاءِ، قَرِيبٍ مِنْ بَدْرٍ.
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed four Umrahs, all of them in Dhu al-Qa'dah except the one with the Farewell Hajj: one Umrah at al-Hudaybiyah, or at the time of the truce of al-Hudaybiyah, in Dhu al-Qa'dah; one Umrah the following year; one from al-Ji'ranah, when he had come to divide the spoils of Hunayn; and one Umrah he performed along with his Hajj. This is the wording of Ibrahim, while al-Hasan said exactly: "an Umrah from al-Hudaybiyah." This contains evidence that he (peace and blessings be upon him) divided the spoils of Hunayn right there at al-Ji'ranah.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: As for what Abu Yusuf took as evidence, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) divided the spoils of Badr after reaching Madinah, and what he claimed is established by the hadith, saying the evidence for it is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) allotted a share of Badr to Sayyiduna Uthman and Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with them both) although they did not attend Badr: if it is as he says, then this contradicts the Sunnah, for (by his view) it is not permissible for the imam or commander to give anyone anything from the spoils if he did not take part in the battle and was not a reinforcement. But it is not as he says, for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided the spoils of Badr at a place called Sayr, which is one of the mountain passes of al-Safra', near Badr.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: As for what Abu Yusuf took as evidence, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) divided the spoils of Badr after reaching Madinah, and what he claimed is established by the hadith, saying the evidence for it is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) allotted a share of Badr to Sayyiduna Uthman and Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with them both) although they did not attend Badr: if it is as he says, then this contradicts the Sunnah, for (by his view) it is not permissible for the imam or commander to give anyone anything from the spoils if he did not take part in the battle and was not a reinforcement. But it is not as he says, for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided the spoils of Badr at a place called Sayr, which is one of the mountain passes of al-Safra', near Badr.
