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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: النفير وما يستدل به على أن الجهاد فرض على الكفاية
Chapter: The general call to arms, and evidence that jihad is a communal obligation
Bayhaqi 17938 — The general call to arms, and evidence that jihad
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا، قَالَ: قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: {خُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ فَانْفِرُوا ثُبَاتٍ} [النساء: ٧١]، عُصَبًا، {أَوِ انْفِرُوا جَمِيعًا} [النساء: ٧١]، وَقَالَ: {انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا} [التوبة: ٤١]، وَقَالَ {إِلَّا تَنْفِرُوا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا} [التوبة: ٣٩]، ثُمَّ نَسَخَ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ، فَقَالَ: {وَمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنْفِرُوا كَافَّةً} [التوبة: ١٢٢]، قَالَ: فَتَغْزُو طَائِفَةٌ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَتُقِيمُ طَائِفَةٌ، قَالَ: فَالْمَاكِثُونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ يَتَفَقَّهُونَ فِي الدِّينِ وَيُنْذِرُونَ قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْغَزْوِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ مَا نَزَّلَ اللهُ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ وَفَرَائِضِهِ وَحُدُودِهِ ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that Allah Almighty said: "O you who believe, take your precautions, then go forth in detachments" [Surah al-Nisa: 71]. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: "thubat" means groups. "O you who believe!" "Or go forth all together" [Surah al-Nisa: 71]. And He said: "Go forth, light and heavy" [Surah al-Tawbah: 41]. And He said: "If you do not go forth, He will punish you with a painful punishment" [Surah al-Tawbah: 39]. Then He abrogated these verses and said: "It is not for the believers to go forth all together" [Surah al-Tawbah: 122]. And he said: One party would go out to the front with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and one party would stay behind. Those who stay with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) are the ones who gain understanding of the religion, and they warn their people when they come back to them, so that they may beware regarding what Allah has revealed. This is in the matter of the obligations and the limits (hudud).
