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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: من يبدأ بجهاده من المشركين
Chapter: Which of the polytheists are to be fought first
Bayhaqi 17881 — Which of the polytheists are to be fought first
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: {قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُمْ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ} [التوبة: 123]..
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: 'Fight those of the disbelievers who are near you.' [Surah al-Tawbah: 123]"
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَهَيَّأَ لِلْحَرْبِ، فَقَامَ فِيمَا أَمَرَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ جِهَادِ عَدُوِّهِ وَقِتَالِ مَنْ أَمَرَهُ بِهِ مِمَّنْ يَلِيهِ مِنْ مُشْرِكِي الْعَرَبِ ". ⦗٦٥⦘ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: " فَإِنِ اخْتَلَفَ حَالُ الْعَدُوِّ فَكَانَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَنْكَى مِنْ بَعْضٍ، أَوْ أَخْوَفَ مِنْ بَعْضٍ، فَلْيَبْدَأ الْإِمَامُ بِالْعَدُوِّ الْأَخْوَفِ أَوِ الْأَنْكَى، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ دَارُهُ أَبْعَدَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ، وَتَكُونُ هَذِهِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ ضَرُورَةٍ ". قَالَ: " وَقَدْ بَلَغَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ أَنَّهُ يَجْمَعُ لَهُ، فَأَغَارَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ وَقُرْبَهُ عَدُوٌّ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُ.
Ibn Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to fight. He (peace and blessings be upon him) began jihad against the enemies whom Allah Almighty had commanded him (to fight), and Allah Almighty had commanded him to fight the nearest polytheists first.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: If the condition of the enemy differs, that is, some of them cause more harm than others or are more feared than others, then the commander will fight first the enemy from whom there is more danger, even if his land is farther away; and this will be in a case of necessity.
He said: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) received news that al-Harith bin Abi Dirar was gathering an army, he (peace and blessings be upon him) launched a night attack on him, while around him (peace and blessings be upon him) there were enemies who were nearer than al-Harith bin Abi Dirar.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: If the condition of the enemy differs, that is, some of them cause more harm than others or are more feared than others, then the commander will fight first the enemy from whom there is more danger, even if his land is farther away; and this will be in a case of necessity.
He said: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) received news that al-Harith bin Abi Dirar was gathering an army, he (peace and blessings be upon him) launched a night attack on him, while around him (peace and blessings be upon him) there were enemies who were nearer than al-Harith bin Abi Dirar.
