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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: من ليس للإمام أن يغزو به بحال
Chapter: Those whom the ruler may not take on an expedition under any circumstances
Bayhaqi 17870 — Those whom the ruler may not take on an expedition
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عُلَاثَةَ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَجَهَّزَ غَازِيًا يُرِيدُ الشَّامَ، فَأَذَّنَ فِي النَّاسِ بِالْخُرُوجِ وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِهِ فِي قَيْظٍ شَدِيدٍ فِي لَيَالِي الْخَرِيفِ، فَأَبْطَأَ عَنْهُ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ وَهَابُوا الرُّومَ، فَخَرَجَ أَهْلُ الْحِسْبَةِ وَتَخَلَّفَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ، وَحَدَّثُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ أَنَّهُ لَا ⦗٥٨⦘ يَرْجِعُ أَبَدًا وَثَبَّطُوا عَنْهُ مَنْ أَطَاعَهُمْ، وَتَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ رِجَالٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لِأَمْرٍ كَانَ لَهُمْ فِيهِ عُذْرٌ، فَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ، قَالَ: وَأَتَاهُ جَدُّ بْنُ قَيْسٍ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مَعَهُ نَفَرٌ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، ائْذَنْ لِي فِي الْقُعُودِ فَإِنِّي ذُو ضَيْعَةٍ وَعْلَةٍ بِهَا عُذْرٌ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " تَجَهَّزْ فَإِنَّكَ مُوسِرٌ لَعَلَّكَ تُحْقِبُ بَعْضَ بَنَاتِ الْأَصْفَرِ ". فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، ائْذَنْ لِي وَلَا تَفْتِنِّي بِبَنَاتِ الْأَصْفَرِ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهِ وَفِي أَصْحَابِهِ: {وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ ائْذَنْ لِي وَلَا تَفْتِنِّي أَلَا فِي الْفِتْنَةِ سَقَطُوا وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمُحِيطَةٌ بِالْكَافِرِينَ} [التوبة: ٤٩]، عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ يَتْبَعُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا، وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ مَعَهُ، وَكَانَ فِيمَنْ تَخَلَّفَ ابْنُ عَنَمَةَ أَوْ عَنْمَةَ مِنْ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: مَا خَلَّفَكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالَ: الْخَوْضُ وَاللَّعِبُ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهِ وَفِيمَنْ تَخَلَّفَ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ: {وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نَخُوضُ وَنَلْعَبُ قُلْ أَبِاللهِ وَآيَاتِهِ وَرَسُولِهِ كُنْتُمْ تَسْتَهْزِئُونَ}، ثَلَاثَ آيَاتٍ مُتَتَابِعَاتٍ ".
Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prepared an army for Syria. When he ordered the people to set out, the weather was very hot, and it was the nights of autumn. Many people were sluggish and were afraid of the Romans. Those who hoped for reward set out. The hypocrites stayed behind and said to themselves that he (peace and blessings be upon him) would never return, and they held back those who obeyed them from going with him (peace and blessings be upon him); and some Muslims also stayed behind for reasons that excused them. Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Jadd bin Qays came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) while he (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting in the mosque with his companions. He said: O Messenger of Allah! Permit me to stay behind; I am a landowner and there are other reasons as well that excuse me. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Get ready, for you are a wealthy man; perhaps you will take some of the daughters of the Romans riding behind you." He said: O Messenger of Allah! Give me permission, and do not put me to trial through the daughters of the Romans. So Allah revealed this verse about them: "And among them is he who says: Permit me and do not put me to trial. Surely, they have fallen into trial, and indeed Hell will encompass the disbelievers." [Surah al-Tawbah: 49] The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the believers set out, and among those who stayed behind was Ibn Anamah, or Anamah, of Banu Amr bin Awf. When he was asked why he had stayed behind, he said: For idle talk and amusement. So Allah revealed a verse concerning him and the hypocrites: "And if you ask them, they will surely say: We were only talking idly and playing. Say: Was it Allah, His verses and His Messenger that you were mocking?" [Surah al-Tawbah: 65]
