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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: فرض الهجرة
Chapter: The obligation of emigration
Bayhaqi 17749 — The obligation of emigration
قَالَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ فِي الَّذِي يُفْتَنُ عَنْ دِينِهِ قَدَرَ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ فَلَمْ يُهَاجِرْ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ ظَالِمِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالُوا فِيمَ كُنْتُمْ قَالُوا كُنَّا مُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ} [النساء: 97] الْآيَةَ..
Allah, exalted be His praise, said concerning the person who is put to trial because of his religion and is able to emigrate but does not emigrate until he dies: "Indeed, those whose souls the angels take while they are wronging themselves - (the angels) say: In what condition were you? They say: We were weak (and oppressed) in the land." [Surah al-Nisa: 97] (the verse).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الشَّافِعِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْمُقْرِئُ، ثنا حَيْوَةُ، وَرَجُلٌ، قَالَا: ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ، قَالَ: قُطِعَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ بَعْثٌ لِيَنْهَبَ فِيهِ، فَلَقِيتُ عِكْرِمَةَ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَنَهَانِي أَشَدَّ النَّهْيِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ " نَاسًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانُوا مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يُكَثِّرُونَ سَوَادَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَيَأْتِي السَّهْمُ يُرْمَى بِهِ فَيُصِيبُ أَحَدَهُمْ فَيَقْتُلُهُ، أَوْ يُضْرَبُ فَيُقْتَلُ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى ذِكْرَهُ فِيهِمْ: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ ظَالِمِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالُوا فِيمَ كُنْتُمْ قَالُوا كُنَّا مُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ قَالُوا أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ اللهِ وَاسِعَةً فَتُهَاجِرُوا فِيهَا فَأُولَئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا} [النساء: ٩٧]. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْمُقْرِئِ.
Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman bin Nawfal al-Asadi said: The people of Madinah were ordered to send out an army, and my name too was written in it. (Meanwhile) I met Ikrimah, the freed slave of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), and he forbade me most strongly, and said: Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) informed me that there were some people from among the Muslims who were with the army of the polytheists and caused their numbers to increase, and did not join the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So whenever an arrow came from the Muslims' side it would strike them and they would die, or they would otherwise be killed. So Allah Almighty revealed this verse concerning them: "Indeed, those whose souls the angels take while they are wronging themselves - (the angels) ask them: In what condition were you (why did you not emigrate)? They answer: We were weak and oppressed in the land. The angels say: Was not the earth of Allah spacious enough for you to emigrate in it? For those, their refuge is Hell, and evil it is as a destination." [Surah al-Nisa: 97]
