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Bayhaqi 17730 — The beginning of obligations upon the Prophet ﷺ

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، إِمْلَاءً، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْهِلَالِيُّ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ، قَالَا: ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا سَعِيدٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: " كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُحْرَسُ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ وَاللهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ} [المائدة: ٦٧] فَأَخْرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الْقُبَّةِ، فَقَالَ: " يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ انْصَرِفُوا فَقَدْ عَصَمَنِي اللهُ ". وَرِوَايَةُ الْهِلَالِيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: " أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ " قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: يَعْصِمُكَ مِنْ قَتْلِهِمْ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوكَ حَتَّى تُبَلِّغَهُمْ مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ، فَبَلَّغَ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ فَاسْتَهْزَأَ بِهِ قَوْمٌ، فَنَزَلَ {فَاصْدَعْ بِمَا تُؤْمَرُ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، إِنَّا كَفَيْنَاكَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ} [الحجر: ٩٥].
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to be guarded until this verse was revealed: "O Messenger! Convey what has been sent down to you from your Lord; and if you do not, then you have not conveyed the message of your Lord. And Allah will protect you from the people" [Surah al-Ma'idah: 67]. Then he put his head out of his tent and said: "O people! Now go away, for Allah has taken it upon Himself to protect me."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The meaning of this verse is that Allah Almighty will protect you from their killing, that is, from their killing you, so long as you continue to convey what has been sent down to you. So he conveyed what he had been commanded to convey, and the people began to mock him for it. Upon this Allah Almighty revealed this noble verse: "So proclaim openly what you are commanded and turn away from the polytheists. Indeed We suffice you against those who mock" [Surah al-Hijr: 94-95].
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب السير / 17730