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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السرقة
Book of Theft
باب: ما يستدل به على ترك تضعيف الغرامة
Chapter: The evidence for not doubling the penalty
Bayhaqi 17288 — The evidence for not doubling the penalty
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ، ثنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، قَالَ: لَا تُضَعَّفُ الْغَرَامَةُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ فِي شَيْءٍ، إِنَّمَا الْعُقُوبَةُ فِي الْأَبْدَانِ لَا فِي الْأَمْوَالِ، وَإِنَّمَا تَرَكْنَا تَضْعِيفَ الْغَرَامَةِ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى فِيمَا أَفْسَدَتْ نَاقَةُ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ أَنَّ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَمْوَالِ حِفْظَهَا بِالنَّهَارِ، وَمَا أَفْسَدَتِ الْمَوَاشِي بِاللَّيْلِ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا، قَالَ: فَإِنَّمَا يَضْمَنُونَهُ بِالْقِيمَةِ لَا بِقِيمَتَيْنِ، قَالَ: وَلَا يُقْبَلُ قَوْلُ الْمُدَّعِي، يَعْنِي فِي مِقْدَارِ الْقِيمَةِ؛ لِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " الْبَيِّنَةُ عَلَى الْمُدَّعِي، وَالْيَمِينُ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ ".
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: A fine is not to be doubled on anyone for anything; punishment is upon bodies, not upon property. We abandoned doubling the fine only because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ruled, concerning the damage done by the she-camel of al-Bara bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him), that "guarding by day is the responsibility of the owners of property, and whatever livestock damage by night is the liability of their owners." He said: So they are liable for it at its value, not at twice its value. And the claimant's word is not accepted regarding the amount of the value, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Proof is upon the claimant, and the oath is upon the one against whom the claim is made."
