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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الديات
Book of Blood Money
باب: ما ورد في البئر جبار والمعدن جبار
Chapter: Reports that the well is not liable and the mine is not liable
Bayhaqi 16399 — Reports that the well is not liable and the mine
اُردوEn
قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: حَنَشُ بْنُ الْمُعْتَمِرِ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: ابْنُ رَبِيعَةَ، يَتَكَلَّمُونَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ حَمَّادٍ، يَذْكُرُهُ عَنِ الْبُخَارِيِّ ⦗١٩٤⦘ وَأَصْحَابُنَا يَقُولُونَ: الْقِيَاسُ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي الْأَوَّلِ ثُلُثَا الدِّيَةِ، ثُلُثُهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّانِي، وَثُلُثُهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّالِثِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مَاتَ مِنْ فِعْلِ نَفْسِهِ وَفِعْلِ اثْنَيْنِ، فَسَقَطَ ثُلُثُ الدِّيَةِ لِفِعْلِ نَفْسِهِ وَوَجَبَ الثُّلُثَانِ، وَفِي الثَّانِي ثُلُثَا الدِّيَةِ، ثُلُثُهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الْأَوَّلِ وَثُلُثُهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّالِثِ، وَفِي الثَّالِثِ وَجْهَانِ: أَحَدُهُمَا نِصْفُ الدِّيَةِ عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّانِي، وَالْآخَرُ ثُلُثَا الدِّيَةِ عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الْأَوَّلِ وَالثَّانِي، وَفِي الرَّابِعِ جَمِيعُ الدِّيَةِ عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّالِثِ، وَفِيهِ وَجْهٌ آخَرُ أَنَّهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الْأَوَّلِ وَالثَّانِي وَالثَّالِثِ، فَإِنْ صَحَّ الْحَدِيثُ تُرِكَ لَهُ الْقِيَاسُ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Hanash bin al-Mu'tamir (and some said: Ibn Rabi'ah); they criticise his hadith.
Our companions say: Analogy (qiyas) requires that the first receive two-thirds of the blood money, one third upon the 'aqilah of the second and one third upon the 'aqilah of the third, because he died from his own act and the act of the other two; so a third of the blood money falls away because of his own act, and the remaining two-thirds are due to him. The second also receives two-thirds of the blood money, a third of it upon the 'aqilah of the first and a third upon the 'aqilah of the third. Concerning the third person there are two views: (1) half of his blood money is upon the 'aqilah of the second; (2) he too receives two-thirds of the blood money, which the 'aqilah of the first and second will pay. The fourth receives the full blood money, which the 'aqilah of the third will pay; and there is also a view that the 'aqilah of the first, second and third will all pay it. If the hadith is proven authentic, analogy will be abandoned in its favour.
Our companions say: Analogy (qiyas) requires that the first receive two-thirds of the blood money, one third upon the 'aqilah of the second and one third upon the 'aqilah of the third, because he died from his own act and the act of the other two; so a third of the blood money falls away because of his own act, and the remaining two-thirds are due to him. The second also receives two-thirds of the blood money, a third of it upon the 'aqilah of the first and a third upon the 'aqilah of the third. Concerning the third person there are two views: (1) half of his blood money is upon the 'aqilah of the second; (2) he too receives two-thirds of the blood money, which the 'aqilah of the first and second will pay. The fourth receives the full blood money, which the 'aqilah of the third will pay; and there is also a view that the 'aqilah of the first, second and third will all pay it. If the hadith is proven authentic, analogy will be abandoned in its favour.
