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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الديات
Book of Blood Money
باب: دية أهل الذمة
Chapter: Blood money for the dhimmis
Bayhaqi 16354 — Blood money for the dhimmis
اُردوEn
وَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ، أنبأ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: كَانَتْ دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيِّ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، مِثْلَ دِيَةِ الْمُسْلِمِ، وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ، وَعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ مُعَاوِيَةُ أَعْطَى أَهْلَ الْمَقْتُولِ النِّصْفَ وَأَلْقَى النِّصْفَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَضَى عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فِي النِّصْفِ، وَأَلْقَى مَا كَانَ جَعَلَ مُعَاوِيَةُ فَقَدْ رَدَّهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ بِكَوْنِهِ مُرْسَلًا، وَبِأَنَّ الزُّهْرِيَّ قَبِيحُ الْمُرْسَلِ وَأَنَّا رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا مَا هُوَ أَصَحُّ مِنْهُ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: In the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), in the time of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), and in the time of Umar and Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them both), the diyah (blood money) of a Jew and of a Christian was the same as that of the Muslims. When the era of Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) came, he gave half to them (the family of the slain) and deposited half in the public treasury. Then Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) ruled for the half (to the family) and dropped what Mu'awiyah had assigned (to the treasury). Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) rejected this narration because it is mursal, since al-Zuhri's mursal reports are bad (qabih al-mursal); and we have narrated from Umar and Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them both) what is more authentic than it.
