Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجنايات
Book of Crimes
باب: ما لا قصاص فيه
Chapter: Cases in which there is no retaliation
Bayhaqi 16106 — Cases in which there is no retaliation
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، أنبأ ابْنُ دُرُسْتَوَيْهِ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، فَذَكَرَهُ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ فِي رِوَايَةِ يَحْيَى: اخْتَلَفَ فِيهِ ابْنُ شُبْرُمَةَ، وَابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى، فَقَالَ ابْنُ شُبْرُمَةَ: أَنَا أُقِيدُ، وَقَالَ وَابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى: لَا أَعْرِفُ، لَعَلَّهَا تَكُونُ شَدِيدَةً فَيُلْطَمُ دُونَهَا، وَتَكُونُ دُونَهَا فَيُلْطَمُ أَشَدَّ مِنْهَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: فُقَهَاءُ الْأَمْصَارِ عَلَى أَنْ لَا قَوَدَ فِيهَا لِقَوْلِ اللهِ تَعَالَى: {وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ} [البقرة: ١٧٩]، وَالْقِصَاصُ هُوَ الْمُسَاوَاةُ وَالْمُمَاثَلَةُ، وَاعْتِبَارُ الْمُسَاوَاةِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ اللَّطْمَتَيْنِ مُتَعَذِّرٌ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَرُوِّينَا فِي بَابِ قَتْلِ الْإِمَامِ وَجَرْحِهِ مَا يُوهِمُ وُجُوبَ الْقِصَاصِ فِي الضَّرْبِ بِالْخَشَبَةِ وَالسَّوْطِ، وَذَلِكَ مَحْمُولٌ عِنْدَهُمْ عَلَى حُصُولِ شَجَّةٍ، أَوْ جُرْحٍ بِهَا يُمْكِنُ اعْتِبَارُ الْمُمَاثَلَةِ فِيهَا، فَقَدْ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ فِي بَعْضِ تِلْكَ الْأَخْبَارِ، أَوْ يَكُونُ مَحْمُولًا عَلَى أَنَّهُ رَأَى تَعْزِيرَهُ بِأَنْ يَفْعَلَ بِهِ مِنْ جِنْسِ فِعْلِهِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him), in the narration of Yahya (may Allah have mercy on him), said: Ibn Shubrumah (may Allah have mercy on him) and Ibn Abi Layla (may Allah have mercy on him) differed about this. Ibn Shubrumah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I would take retaliation. Ibn Abi Layla (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I do not know; perhaps the slap was hard and the one given in return is lighter than it, or it was lighter and the one given in return is harder than it.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The jurists of the (major) cities hold that there is no retaliation for it. Allah Almighty says: "And in retaliation there is life for you" [Surah al-Baqarah: 179]; retaliation means equality and likeness, and equality between two slaps is not possible. And Allah knows best.
We have already narrated, in the chapter on the ruler killing or wounding (someone), reports that give the impression that retaliation is obligatory for striking with a stick or a whip. We interpret this as referring to a wound in which likeness can be measured, and this is also stated in some of those reports; or we interpret it as meaning that he considered it a discretionary punishment (ta'zir) to do to him an act of the same kind as his. And Allah knows best.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The jurists of the (major) cities hold that there is no retaliation for it. Allah Almighty says: "And in retaliation there is life for you" [Surah al-Baqarah: 179]; retaliation means equality and likeness, and equality between two slaps is not possible. And Allah knows best.
We have already narrated, in the chapter on the ruler killing or wounding (someone), reports that give the impression that retaliation is obligatory for striking with a stick or a whip. We interpret this as referring to a wound in which likeness can be measured, and this is also stated in some of those reports; or we interpret it as meaning that he considered it a discretionary punishment (ta'zir) to do to him an act of the same kind as his. And Allah knows best.
