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Bayhaqi 15843 — The prohibition of killing from the Sunnah

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فُورَكٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ، قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي الدَّارِ وَهُوَ مَحْصُورٌ، وَكُنَّا نَدْخُلُ مَدْخَلًا نَسْمَعُ مِنْهُ كَلَامَ مَنْ فِي الْبَلَاطِ، فَدَخَلَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مُتَغَيِّرَ اللَّوْنِ، قِيلَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ: إِنَّهُمْ لَيَتَوَاعَدُونِّي بِالْقَتْلِ آنِفًا، وَلَمْ أَسْتَيْقِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى كَانَ الْيَوْمُ، فَقُلْنَا لَهُ: يَكْفِيكَهُمُ اللهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. قَالَ: وَبِمَ يَقْتُلُونَنِي؟ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " لَا ⦗٣٥⦘ يَحِلُ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ: رَجُلٌ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِهِ، أَوْ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ، أَوْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ ". فَوَاللهِ مَا زَنَيْتُ فِي جَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَلَا فِي إِسْلَامٍ قَطُّ، وَلَا أَحْبَبْتُ بِدِينِي بَدَلًا مُنْذُ هَدَانِي اللهُ، وَمَا قَتَلْتُ نَفْسًا؛ عَلَامَ يُرِيدُ هَؤُلَاءِ قَتْلِي؟.
Sayyiduna Abu Umamah bin Sahl bin Hunayf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We were with Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) when he was confined in his house, and we entered a place from where we could hear the voices of the people. Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) went in and then came out, and his colour had changed. We asked: O Commander of the Believers! What is the matter? He said: The people are thinking of killing me; until today I had not been certain of this. We said: O Commander of the Believers! Allah will help you. Then he said: Why do these people want to kill me, when I have heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "A Muslim may be killed only for one of three reasons: 1. he becomes an apostate, 2. he commits adultery after marriage, 3. he is killed in retaliation (qisas)." By Allah! I have never committed adultery, neither before Islam nor after Islam; after Islam I cannot even imagine leaving it; and I have not killed anyone. So why do these people want to kill me?
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجنايات / 15843
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح۔ متفق عليه»