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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الظهار
Book of Zihar
باب: عتق المؤمنة في الظهار
Chapter: Freeing a believing slave in the expiation for zihar
Bayhaqi 15266 — Freeing a believing slave in the expiation for zihar
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ جَارِيَةً لِي كَانَتْ تَرْعَى غَنَمًا لِي فَجِئْتُهَا وَقَدْ فُقِدَتْ شَاةٌ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ فَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنْهَا فَقَالَتْ: أَكَلَهَا الذِّئْبُ فَأَسِفْتُ عَلَيْهَا وَكُنْتُ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ فَلَطَمْتُ وَجْهَهَا وَعَلَيَّ رَقَبَةٌ أَفَأُعْتِقُهَا؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَيْنَ اللهُ؟ " فَقَالَتْ: فِي السَّمَاءِ، فَقَالَ: " مَنْ أَنَا؟ " قَالَتْ: أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ، فَقَالَ: " فَأَعْتِقْهَا " فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَشْيَاءُ كُنَّا نَصْنَعُهَا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كُنَّا نَأْتِي الْكُهَّانَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا تَأْتُوا الْكُهَّانَ "، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: وَكُنَّا نَتَطَيَّرُ، فَقَالَ: " إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ يَجِدُ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَلَا يَضُرَّنَّكُمْ " قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: اسْمُ الرَّجُلِ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ، كَذَا رَوَى الزُّهْرِيُّ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: كَذَا رَوَاهُ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ، وَرَوَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَالِكٍ مُجَوَّدًا فَقَالَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ قَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ: فَقَالَ: " أَعْتِقْهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُؤْمِنَةٌ ".
Umar bin al-Hakam said: I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! A slave girl of mine used to graze my sheep. I came to her and a sheep from the flock was missing, so I asked her about it, and she said: The wolf ate it. I was grieved over it, and I am one of the children of Adam, so I slapped her face; and I owe (the freeing of) a neck (slave). Shall I free her? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her: "Where is Allah?" She said: In the heaven. He said: "Who am I?" She said: You are the Messenger of Allah. He said: "Then free her." Umar bin al-Hakam said: O Messenger of Allah! There are things we used to do in the Jahiliyyah: we used to go to soothsayers. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not go to the soothsayers." Umar said: And we used to take evil omens. He said: "That is only something one of you finds in himself, so let it not harm you."
Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The man's name is Mu'awiyah bin al-Hakam; this is how al-Zuhri and Yahya bin Abi Kathir narrated it.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is how a group narrated it from Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him), while Yahya bin Yahya narrated it from Malik accurately, saying: from Mu'awiyah bin al-Hakam; and at its end he said: He said: "Free her, for she is a believer."
Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The man's name is Mu'awiyah bin al-Hakam; this is how al-Zuhri and Yahya bin Abi Kathir narrated it.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is how a group narrated it from Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him), while Yahya bin Yahya narrated it from Malik accurately, saying: from Mu'awiyah bin al-Hakam; and at its end he said: He said: "Free her, for she is a believer."
