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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الصدقات
Book of the Division of Sadaqah
باب: نقل الصدقة إذا لم يكن حولها من يستحقها
Chapter: Transferring charity when there is no one around entitled to it
Bayhaqi 13145 — Transferring charity when there is no one around
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، فِي قِصَّةِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " أَمَّرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ قَوْمِهِ، فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَقَدِ اجْتَمَعَتْ عِنْدَهُ إِبِلٌ عَظِيمَةٌ مِنْ صَدَقَاتِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا ارْتَدَّ مَنِ ارْتَدَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَبَلَغَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ قَدِ ارْتَجَعُوا صَدَقَاتِهِمْ، وَارْتَدَّتْ بَنُو أَسَدٍ وَهُمْ جِيرَانُهُمْ، اجْتَمَعَتْ طَيِّئٌ إِلَى عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، وَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ قَالَ: فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا مِنْهُ الْجَدَّ كَفُّوا ⦗١٦⦘ عَنْهُ وَسَلَّمُوا لَهُ، فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خَرَجَ بِهَا، فَكَانَتْ أَوَّلَ إِبِلٍ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ قَدِمَتْ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ هِيَ، وَإِبِلُ الزِّبْرِقَانِ بْنِ بَدْرٍ " قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الزِّبْرِقَانِ بْنِ بَدْرٍ السَّعْدِيِّ، أَنَّ بَنِي سَعْدٍ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهِ، فَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهَمْ، وَأَنْ يَصْنَعَ بِهِمْ مَا صَنَعَ مَالِكُ بْنُ نُوَيْرَةَ بِقَوْمِهِ، فَأَبَى وَتَمَسَّكَ بِمَا فِي يَدِهِ، وَثبَتَ عَلَى إِسْلَامِهِ، وَقَالَ: لَا تَعْجَلُوا يَا قَوْمُ، فَإِنَّهُ وَاللهِ لَيَقُومَنَّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ قَائِمٌ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةً قَالَ فَدَفَعَهُمْ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ اجْتِمَاعُ النَّاسِ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَخَرَجَ بِهَا، وَقَدْ تَفَرَّقَ الْقَوْمُ عَنْهُ لَيْلًا وَمَعَهُ الرِّجَالُ يَطْرُدُونَهَا، فَمَا عَلِمُوا بِهِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُمْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَدَّاهَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَكَانَتْ هَذِهِ الْإِبِلُ الَّتِي قَدِمَ بِهَا الزِّبْرِقَانُ وَعَدِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ أَوَّلَ إِبِلٍ وَافَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ عَدِيَّ بْنَ حَاتِمٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ طَيِّئٍ، وَالزِّبْرِقَانَ بْنِ بَدْرٍ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي سَعْدٍ، وَطُلَيْحَةَ بْنَ خُوَيْلِدٍ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي أَسَدٍ، وَعُيَيْنَةَ بْنَ حِصْنٍ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي فَزَارَةَ، وَمَالِكَ بْنَ نُوَيْرَةَ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي يَرْبُوعٍ، وَالْفُجَاءَةَ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُمْ وَفَاةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعِنْدَهُمْ أَمْوَالٌ كَثِيرَةٌ رَدُّوهَا عَلَى أَهْلِهَا إِلَّا عَدِيَّ بْنَ حَاتِمٍ، وَالزِّبْرِقَانَ بْنَ بَدْرٍ، فَإِنَّهُمَا تَمَسَّكَا بِهَا وَدَفَعَا عَنْهَا النَّاسَ حَتَّى أَدَّيَاهَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ".
Ibn Ishaq relates, in the story of Sayyiduna Adi bin Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed him over the sadaqat of his people. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away while a large number of camels from their sadaqat had gathered with him. When those people who apostatised apostatised, and news reached them (Tayyi') that they had taken back their sadaqat, and Banu Asad, who were their neighbours, also apostatised, (the tribe of) Tayyi' gathered around Sayyiduna Adi bin Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him), and the narrator mentioned the whole story. He said: When they saw his determination, they held back from him and submitted to him. When the Muslims united upon Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), he set out with them (the camels), and they, together with the camels of al-Zibriqan bin Badr (may Allah be pleased with him), were the first sadaqah camels to reach Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
Ibn Ishaq said: The story of al-Zibriqan bin Badr al-Sa'di (may Allah be pleased with him) is that Banu Sa'd gathered around him and asked him to return their wealth to them and to treat them as Malik bin Nuwayrah had treated his people. He refused, held on to what was in his hands, remained firm on his Islam, and said: O my people, do not be hasty, for by Allah, someone will certainly take charge of this matter after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then the narrator mentioned a story and said: He kept them away from himself until news reached him that the people had united upon Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Then he set out with them (the camels) at night, after his people had dispersed from him, with men driving them along, and they did not know of it until news came to them that he had delivered them to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). These camels which al-Zibriqan and Adi bin Hatim (may Allah be pleased with them both) brought were the first sadaqah camels to reach Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) after the passing of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
Ibn Ishaq said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Sayyiduna Adi bin Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him) over the sadaqat of Tayyi', al-Zibriqan bin Badr (may Allah be pleased with him) over the sadaqat of Banu Sa'd, Tulayhah bin Khuwaylid over the sadaqat of Banu Asad, Uyaynah bin Hisn over the sadaqat of Banu Fazarah, Malik bin Nuwayrah over the sadaqat of Banu Yarbu', and al-Fuja'ah over the sadaqat of Banu Sulaym. When news of the passing of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reached them, while they held a great deal of wealth, they returned it to its owners, except Sayyiduna Adi bin Hatim and al-Zibriqan bin Badr (may Allah be pleased with them both). They held on to that wealth, kept people away from it, and delivered it to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
Ibn Ishaq said: The story of al-Zibriqan bin Badr al-Sa'di (may Allah be pleased with him) is that Banu Sa'd gathered around him and asked him to return their wealth to them and to treat them as Malik bin Nuwayrah had treated his people. He refused, held on to what was in his hands, remained firm on his Islam, and said: O my people, do not be hasty, for by Allah, someone will certainly take charge of this matter after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then the narrator mentioned a story and said: He kept them away from himself until news reached him that the people had united upon Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Then he set out with them (the camels) at night, after his people had dispersed from him, with men driving them along, and they did not know of it until news came to them that he had delivered them to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). These camels which al-Zibriqan and Adi bin Hatim (may Allah be pleased with them both) brought were the first sadaqah camels to reach Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) after the passing of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
Ibn Ishaq said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Sayyiduna Adi bin Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him) over the sadaqat of Tayyi', al-Zibriqan bin Badr (may Allah be pleased with him) over the sadaqat of Banu Sa'd, Tulayhah bin Khuwaylid over the sadaqat of Banu Asad, Uyaynah bin Hisn over the sadaqat of Banu Fazarah, Malik bin Nuwayrah over the sadaqat of Banu Yarbu', and al-Fuja'ah over the sadaqat of Banu Sulaym. When news of the passing of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reached them, while they held a great deal of wealth, they returned it to its owners, except Sayyiduna Adi bin Hatim and al-Zibriqan bin Badr (may Allah be pleased with them both). They held on to that wealth, kept people away from it, and delivered it to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
