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Bayhaqi 13111 — Reports on their order

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْغَضَائِرِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الدَّقِيقِيُّ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ، ثنا مَعْنُ بْنُ عِيسَى، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ يَقُولُ: " مَنْ سَبَّ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ فِي الْفَيْءِ حَقٌّ، يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ ⦗٦٠٥⦘ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِنَ اللهِ وَرِضْوَانًا} [الحشر: ٨] الْآيَةَ، هَؤُلَاءِ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا مَعَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ {وَالَّذِينَ تَبَوَّءُوا الدَّارَ وَالْإِيمَانَ} الْآيَةَ، هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَنْصَارُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ {وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ} "، قَالَ مَالِكٌ: " فَاسْتَثْنَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَالَ {يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيمَانِ} [الحشر: ١٠] الْآيَةَ، فَالْفَيْءُ لِهَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةِ، فَمَنْ سَبَّ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَيْسَ هُوَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةِ، وَلَا حَقَّ لَهُ فِي الْفَيْءِ ".
Ma'n bin Isa (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him) saying: Whoever reviles the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has no right in the fay'. Allah Almighty says: "For the poor emigrants who were expelled from their homes and their properties, seeking bounty from Allah and (His) pleasure" [Surah al-Hashr: 8]; this verse is about the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) who emigrated with him (peace and blessings be upon him). Then He said: "And those who settled in the home and (adopted) the faith" [Surah al-Hashr: 9]; these are the Ansar. Then He said: "And those who came after them" [Surah al-Hashr: 10]. Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Allah Almighty has made a specification, saying: "They say: Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith" [Surah al-Hashr: 10]. So the fay' is for these three, and whoever reviles the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is not among these three, and he has no right in the fay'.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة / 13111
Hadith Grading محدثین: حسن
Hadith Takhrij «حسن»