Bayhaqi 13072 — The Sunnah in recording the names of those entitled

Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) was informed by more than one of the people of knowledge and truthfulness from the people of Madinah and Makkah, from the tribes of Quraysh and others, some of whom related the account better than others, and some of whom added to what others said, that when Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) compiled the registers, he said: "I will begin with Banu Hashim." Then he said: "I was present when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave to them and to Banu al-Muttalib; when the elder was among the Hashimis, he put him before the Muttalibi, and when he was among the Muttalibis, he put him before the Hashimi." So he set up the register on that basis and gave them the allotment of a single tribe. Then Abd Shams and Nawfal came out equal for him in the root of lineage, and he said: "Abd Shams are the brothers of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) through his father and mother, unlike Nawfal," so he put them first, then called Banu Nawfal to follow them. Then Abd al-Uzza and Abd al-Dar came out equal for him, and he said about Banu Asad bin Abd al-Uzza: "They are the in-laws of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)," and about them: "They are among the Mutayyabin (the Perfumed Ones)"; and some said: They are of the Hilf al-Fudul (the Alliance of Virtue), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was in both of them; and it is said that he mentioned precedence (in Islam). So he put them before Banu Abd al-Dar, then called Banu Abd al-Dar to follow them. Then Zuhrah was left on its own, so he called them after Abd al-Dar. Then Taym and Makhzum came out equal for him, and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said about Banu Taym: "They are of the Hilf al-Fudul and the Mutayyabin, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was in both of them"; it is said that he mentioned precedence, and it is said that he mentioned a tie of marriage. So he put them before Makhzum, then called Makhzum to follow them. Then Sahm, Jumah and Adi bin Ka'b came out equal for him, and it was said to him: Begin with Adi. He said: "Rather, I will keep myself where I was, for Islam came while our affair and the affair of Banu Sahm were one; but look to Banu Jumah and Sahm." It is said that he put Banu Jumah first, then called Banu Sahm. The register of Adi and Sahm was mixed together as though it were a single call, so when his own call came to him on its own, he said Allahu Akbar in a loud voice, then said: "All praise is for Allah who has delivered to me my share from His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him)." Then he called Banu Amir bin Lu'ayy.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Some of them said that when Sayyiduna Abu Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him) saw those who had been put before him, he said: "Are you calling all of these before me?" He said: "O Abu Ubaydah, be patient as you have been patient, or speak to your people; whoever of them puts you before himself, I will not prevent him. As for me and Banu Adi, we will put you before ourselves if you wish." He said: Later, Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) put Banu al-Harith bin Fihr first, separating with them between Banu Abd Manaf and Asad bin Abd al-Uzza. And something came between Banu Sahm and Adi in the time of al-Mahdi, so they separated, and al-Mahdi gave the order concerning Banu Adi, so they were put before Sahm and Jumah because of the precedence among them.