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Bayhaqi 12995 — Preference based on precedence in Islam and lineage

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دَرَسْتَوَيْهِ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، أنبأ سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ سُوَيْدٍ الْحَضْرَمِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، عَنْ نَاشِرَةَ بْنِ سُمَيٍّ الْيَزَنِيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الْجَابِيَةِ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ: " إِنَّ اللهَ جَعَلَنِي خَازِنًا لِهَذَا الْمَالِ وَقَاسِمًا لَهُ "، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " بَلِ اللهُ يَقْسِمُهُ، وَأَنَا بَادِئٌ ⦗٥٦٩⦘ بِأَهْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ أَشْرَفِهِمْ ". فَفَرَضَ لِأَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا جُوَيْرِيَةَ وَصَفِيَّةَ وَمَيْمُونَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُنَّ، وَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَعْدِلُ بَيْنَنَا، فَعَدَلَ بَيْنَهُنَّ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " إِنِّي بَادِئٌ بِي وَبِأَصْحَابِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ، فَإِنَّا أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا ظُلْمًا وَعُدْوَانًا، ثُمَّ أَشْرَفِهِمْ ". فَفَرَضَ لِأَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ مِنْهُمْ خَمْسَةَ آلَافٍ، وَلِمَنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافٍ، وَفَرَضَ لِمَنْ شَهِدَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ، وَقَالَ: " مَنْ أَسْرَعَ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ أَسْرَعَ بِهِ الْعَطَاءُ، وَمَنْ أَبْطَأَ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ أَبْطَأَ بِهِ الْعَطَاءُ، فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ رَجُلٌ إِلَّا مَنَاخَ رَاحِلَتِهِ ".
Nashirah bin Sumayy said: I heard Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) on the day of al-Jabiyah while he was addressing the people: Allah has made me the keeper of this wealth and its distributor. Then he said: Rather, Allah is its distributor, and I begin with the family of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then those of them most honourable. So he allotted shares for the pure wives (may Allah be pleased with them), except Juwayriyah, Safiyyah and Maymunah (may Allah be pleased with them). Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to treat us equally. So Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) treated them equally. Then he said: I begin with myself and my companions, the first Muhajirun, for we were driven out of our homes unjustly and with aggression; then those of them most honourable. So he allotted five thousand for the people of Badr among them, four thousand for those of the Ansar who were present at Badr, and three thousand for those who were present at al-Hudaybiyah. And he said: Whoever hastened in the hijrah, the stipend will hasten to him; and whoever lagged behind in the hijrah will be held back in the stipend. So let a man blame no one but the place where his mount knelt.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة / 12995
Hadith Grading محدثین: حسن
Hadith Takhrij «حسن»