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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: ما جاء في من الإمام على من رأى من الرجال البالغين من أهل الحرب
Chapter: Reports on the ruler freeing as a favour whomever he sees fit of the adult men of the enemy
Bayhaqi 12835 — Reports on the ruler freeing as a favour whomever
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا ابْنُ مِلْحَانَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيُّ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْلًا قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ، فَجَاءَتْ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ يُقَالُ لَهُ ثُمَامَةُ بْنُ أُثَالٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ سَيِّدُ أَهْلِ الْيَمَامَةِ، فَرَبَطُوهُ بِسَارِيَةٍ مِنْ سَوَارِي الْمَسْجِدِ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: " مَاذَا عِنْدَكَ يَا ثُمَامَةُ؟ " قَالَ: عِنْدِي يَا مُحَمَّدُ خَيْرٌ، إِنْ تَقْتُلْ تَقْتُلْ ذَا دَمٍ، وَإِنْ تُنْعِمْ تُنْعِمْ عَلَى شَاكِرٍ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُ الْمَالَ فَسَلْ تُعْطَ مِنْهُ مَا شِئْتَ. فَتَرَكَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ قَالَ لَهُ: " مَا عِنْدَكَ يَا ثُمَامَةُ؟ " قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَكَ: إِنْ تُنْعِمْ تُنْعِمْ عَلَى شَاكِرٍ، وَإِنْ تَقْتُلْ تَقْتُلْ ذَا دَمٍ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُ الْمَالَ فَسَلْ تُعْطَ مِنْهُ مَا شِئْتَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَطْلِقُوا ثُمَامَةَ ". فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى نَخْلٍ قَرِيبٍ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَقَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ وَجْهٌ أَبْغَضَ إِلِيَّ مِنْ وَجْهِكَ، وَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ وَجْهُكَ أَحَبَّ الْوُجُوهِ كُلِّهَا إِلِيَّ، وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ دِينٍ أَبْغَضَ إِلِيَّ مِنْ دِينِكَ، فَأَصْبَحَ دِينُكَ أَحَبَّ الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ إِلِيَّ، وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ بَلَدٍ أَبْغَضَ إِلِيَّ مِنْ بَلَدِكَ، فَأَصْبَحَ بَلَدُكَ أَحَبَّ الْبِلَادِ إِلِيَّ، وَإِنَّ خَيْلَكَ أَخَذَتْنِي وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ الْعُمْرَةَ، فَمَاذَا تَرَى؟ فَبَشَّرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعْتَمِرَ. فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ قَالَ لَهُ قَائِلٌ: صَبَوْتَ يَا ثُمَامَةُ؟ فَقَالَ: لَا، وَلَكِنِّي أَسْلَمْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَاللهِ لَا يَأْتِيكُمْ حَبَّةُ حِنْطَةٍ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Sa'id bin Abi Sa'id heard Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent a cavalry party towards Najd, and they brought back a man of Banu Hanifah named Thumamah bin Uthal, the chief of the people of al-Yamamah. They tied him to one of the pillars of the mosque. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came out to him and asked: "Thumamah, how are you?" He said: O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), (I am) well. If you kill me, you will kill one whose blood will be avenged; and if you show favour, you will show favour to one who is grateful; and if you want wealth, then ask, and you will be given as much as you wish. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went away. The next day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came again and said: "O Thumamah, how are you?" He said: I told you: if you show favour, you will show favour to one who is grateful; and if you kill, you will kill one whose blood will be avenged; and if you want wealth, you will be given as much as you ask for. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Release Thumamah." He went to a garden near the mosque, performed the ritual bath (ghusl), then entered the mosque and said: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah. And he said: O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), by Allah, there was no land more hateful to me than your land, and now your city has become the most beloved to me; and there was no face on earth as hateful to me as yours (peace and blessings be upon him), but now your face has become the most beloved of all faces; and by Allah, no religion was more hateful to me than your religion, but now your religion has become the most beloved of all. When your army seized me, I intended to perform Umrah, so what do you think? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him glad tidings and ordered him to perform Umrah. When he came to Makkah, someone said: O Thumamah, have you abandoned your religion? Thumamah said: No, rather I have become a Muslim. By Allah, not a single grain will come to you now (from al-Yamamah) until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) permits it.
