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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الوصايا
Book of Wills
باب: الوصية بالثلث
Chapter: Bequeathing a third
Bayhaqi 12567 — Bequeathing a third
اُردوEn
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ الرَّزَّازُ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ، ثنا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ أَبُو عُثْمَانَ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَرِضْتُ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ مَرَضًا أَشْفَيْتُ مِنْهُ، فَأَتَانِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ لِي مَالًا كَثِيرًا، وَلَيْسَتْ تَرِثُنِي إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ، فَأُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ؟ قَالَ: " لَا "، قُلْتُ: فَبِالشَّطْرِ؟ قَالَ: " لَا "، قُلْتُ: فَبِالثُّلُثِ؟ قَالَ: " الثُّلُثُ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ، إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَتْرُكْ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَدَعَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ، إِنَّكَ لَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تُؤْجَرَ عَلَى جَمِيعِ نَفَقَتِكَ حَتَّى اللُّقْمَةَ تَرْفَعُهَا إِلَى فِي امْرَأَتِكَ "، قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي أَرْهَبُ أَنْ أَمُوتَ بِأَرْضٍ هَاجَرْتُ مِنْهَا، قَالَ: " إِنَّكَ لَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تَبْقَى حَتَّى يَنْتَفِعَ بِكَ قَوْمٌ وَيُضَرَّ بِكَ آخَرُونَ، اللهُمُ أَمْضِ لِأَصْحَابِي هِجْرَتَهُمْ، وَلَا تَرُدَّهُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ، لَكِنِ الْبَائِسُ سَعْدُ ابْنُ خَوْلَةَ يَرْثِي لَهُ أَنْ مَاتَ بِمَكَّةَ ".
Amir bin Sa'd (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that he said: I fell ill in the year of the Conquest of Makkah, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) visited me. I said: O Messenger of Allah! I have much wealth and my only heir is one daughter; shall I bequeath all my wealth? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No." I said: Half? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No." I said: A third? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A third is fine, and even a third is a lot. That you leave your heirs well-off is better than that you leave them needy, stretching out their hands to people. You will certainly be rewarded for all your spending, even if you put a morsel in your wife's mouth, there is reward in that too." I said: O Messenger of Allah! I fear that I will die in the land from which I emigrated. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I hope that you will live on, until some people benefit from you and others are harmed by you. 'Allahumma amdi li-ashabi hijratahum, wa la taruddahum 'ala a'qabihim' (O Allah, complete the emigration of my Companions and do not turn them back on their heels); but 'the unfortunate one is Sa'd bin Khawlah (may Allah be pleased with him)', because he died in Makkah."
