Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الفرائض
Book of Inheritance
باب: من ورث الإخوة للأب والأم أو الأب مع الجد
Chapter: Those who gave full or paternal brothers inheritance along with the grandfather
Bayhaqi 12430 — Those who gave full or paternal brothers inheritance
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ الْحَافِظُ، أنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عِيسَى، أنا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عِيسَى الْمَدَنِيِّ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: كَانَ مِنْ رَأْيِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنْ يَجْعَلَا الْجَدَّ أَوْلَى مِنَ الْأَخِ، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَكْرَهُ الْكَلَامَ فِيهِ، فَلَمَّا صَارَ عُمَرُ جَدًّا قَالَ: " هَذَا أَمْرٌ قَدْ وَقَعَ، لَا بُدَّ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ مَعْرِفَتِهِ "، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ فَسَأَلَهُ، فَقَالَ: " كَانَ مِنْ رَأْيِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ نَجْعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَوْلَى مِنَ الْأَخِ "، فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَا تَجْعَلْ شَجَرَةً نَبَتَتْ فَانْشَعَبَ مِنْهَا غُصْنٌ، فَانْشَعَبَ فِي الْغُصْنِ غُصْنٌ، فَمَا يُجْعَلُ الْغُصْنُ الْأَوَّلُ أَوْلَى مِنَ الْغُصْنِ الثَّانِي، وَقَدْ خَرَجَ الْغُصْنُ مِنَ الْغُصْنِ؟ قَالَ: فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَسَأَلَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ كَمَا قَالَ زَيْدٌ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ سَيْلًا سَالَ فَانْشَعَبَتْ مِنْهُ شُعْبَةٌ، ثُمَّ انْشَعَبَتْ مِنْهُ شُعْبَتَانِ، فَقَالَ: أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الشُّعْبَةَ الْوُسْطَى رَجَعَ أَلَيْسَ إِلَى الشُّعْبَتَيْنِ جَمِيعًا؟ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ: " هَلْ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَذْكُرُ الْجَدَّ فِي فَرِيضَةٍ؟ " فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ⦗٤٠٦⦘ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذُكِرَتْ لَهُ فَرِيضَةٌ فِيهَا ذِكْرُ الْجَدِّ فَأَعْطَاهُ الثُّلُثَ، فَقَالَ: " مَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ؟ " قَالَ: لَا أَدْرِي، قَالَ: " لَا دَرَيْتَ "، ثُمَّ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ: " هَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَكَرَ الْجَدَّ فِي فَرِيضَةٍ؟ " فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذُكِرَتْ لَهُ فَرِيضَةٌ فِيهَا ذِكْرُ الْجَدِّ، فَأَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ السُّدُسَ، قَالَ: " مَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ؟ " قَالَ: لَا أَدْرِي، قَالَ: " لَا دَرَيْتَ ". قَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ: وَكَانَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ يَجْعَلُهُ أَخًا حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ ثَلَاثَةً هُوَ ثَالِثُهُمْ، فَإِذَا زَادُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَعْطَاهُ الثُّلُثَ، وَكَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَجْعَلُهُ أَخًا حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ سِتَّةً هُوَ سَادِسُهُمْ، فَإِذَا زَادُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَعْطَاهُ السُّدُسَ.
Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The view of Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) was that the grandfather is more entitled than the brother, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) disliked speaking about it. When Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) became a grandfather, he said: This is a matter that has now arisen, and people must know it. So he asked Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), saying: The view of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was that we make the grandfather more entitled than the brother. Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Commander of the Believers! Do not take a tree that grows, from which a branch comes out, and from that branch another branch comes out; how then is the first branch made more entitled than the second, when the one branch came out of the other? Then Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said the same as Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him), except that he likened it to a torrent that flows, from which a stream branches off, then two streams branch off from it. Then he said: What do you think: if the middle stream were to dry up, would it not return to both streams together? Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up, addressed the people and said: Is there anyone among you who heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say anything about the grandfather? A man stood up and said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); a case of inheritance was mentioned before him in which a grandfather was included, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the grandfather a third. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Who else was there with him among the heirs? He said: I do not know. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May you not know! Then he addressed the people and said: Is there anyone among you who heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about the share of the grandfather? A man stood up and said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); a case of inheritance was mentioned before him in which a grandfather was included, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him a sixth. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Who else was there with him among the heirs? He said: I do not know. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May you not know!
Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) used to treat him as a brother until they reached three with him as the third of them; when they were more than three, he gave him a third. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) used to treat him as a brother until they reached six with him as the sixth of them; when they were more, he gave him a sixth.
Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) used to treat him as a brother until they reached three with him as the third of them; when they were more than three, he gave him a third. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) used to treat him as a brother until they reached six with him as the sixth of them; when they were more, he gave him a sixth.
