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Bayhaqi 12333 — Sisters become residuary heirs along with daughters

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي الْإِمَامُ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَفَيَّاضُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ، قَالَا: ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ: جَاءَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: رَجُلٌ تُوُفِّيَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَأُخْتَهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ، فَقَالَ: " لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ، وَلَيْسَ لِلْأُخْتِ شَيْءٌ، مَا بَقِيَ فَهُوَ لِعَصَبَتِهِ "، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ: فَإِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَدْ قَضَى بِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ، جَعَلَ لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفَ وَلِلْأُخْتِ النِّصْفَ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: " أَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ اللهُ؟ " قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ: فَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا وَجْهُ ذَلِكَ، حَتَّى لَقِيتُ ابْنَ طَاوُسٍ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ حَدِيثَ الزُّهْرِيِّ، فَقَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ: قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ} [النساء: ١٧٦]، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَقُلْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ لَهَا نِصْفٌ، وَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: الْمُرَادُ بِالْوَلَدِ هَا هُنَا الِابْنُ بِدَلِيلِ مَا مَضَى عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ عَمَّنْ بَعْدَهُ.
It is narrated from Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) that a man came to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "A man has died and left a daughter and a full sister." Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The daughter gets half and the sister gets nothing; the remainder is for the agnatic heirs ('asabah)." The man said: "Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) judged otherwise; he gave half to the daughter and half to the sister as well." Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Do you know better than Allah?" Ma'mar said: I did not understand the reason for this, until I met Ibn Tawus and mentioned to him this hadith from al-Zuhri. Ibn Tawus said: My father informed me that he heard Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) saying that Allah Almighty says: "If a man dies having no child and he has a sister, she will have half of what he left." [Surah al-Nisa: 176] Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Yet you say that she gets half even if he has a child."
The Shaykh said: Here "child" means a son, the evidence for which is what has already been reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and also from those after him.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الفرائض / 12333
Hadith Grading محدثین: ضعيف
Hadith Takhrij «ضعيف»