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Bayhaqi 11222 — Those who said: A pledge is liable to compensation

وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ الْفَسَوِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ اللُّؤْلُؤِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ حَسَّابٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ ثَوْرٍ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " لَا يُغْلَقُ الرَّهْنُ " قُلْتُ لَهُ: أَرَأَيْتَكَ قَوْلَكَ: " لَا يُغْلَقُ الرَّهْنُ "، أَهُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَقُولُ: إِنْ لَمْ آتِكَ بِمَالِكَ فَهَذَا الرَّهْنُ لَكَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: وَبَلَغَنِي عَنْهُ بَعْدُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنْ هَلَكَ لَمْ يَذْهَبْ حَقُّ هَذَا، إِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مِنْ رَبِّ الرَّهْنِ لَهُ غُنْمُهُ وَعَلَيْهِ غُرْمُهُ.
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The pledged item is not to be withheld." Ma'mar said: I said to him (al-Zuhri): Tell me, does your statement "The pledge is not to be withheld" refer to a man saying: If I do not bring you your money, this pledge is yours? He said: Yes. Ma'mar said: Later it reached me from him that he said: If it perishes, this man's right is not lost; it perishes only as the loss of the owner of the pledge, for its gain is his and its loss is his.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الرهن / 11222