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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب البيوع
Book of Sales
باب: الأجناس التي ورد النص بجريان الربا فيها
Chapter: The categories of goods in which a text states that usury applies
Bayhaqi 10480 — The categories of goods in which a text states
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ بِالشَّامِ فِي حَلْقَةٍ فِيهَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ فَجَاءَ أَبُو الْأَشْعَثِ، قَالَ: قَالُوا: أَبُو الْأَشْعَثِ، أَبُو الْأَشْعَثِ فَجَلَسَ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: حَدِّثْ أَخَانَا حَدِيثَ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، قَالَ: نَعَمْ، غَزَوْنَا غَزْوَةً وَعَلَى النَّاسِ مُعَاوِيَةُ فَغَنِمْنَا غَنَائِمَ كَثِيرَةً وَكَانَ فِيمَا غَنِمْنَا آنِيَةٌ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ، فَأَمَرَ مُعَاوِيَةُ رَجُلًا أَنَّ بَيْعَهَا فِي أَعْطِيَاتِ النَّاسِ، فَسَارَعَ النَّاسُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَبَلَغَ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَقَامَ، فَقَالَ: " إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الذَّهَبِ بِالذَّهَبِ، وَالْفِضَّةِ بِالْفِضَّةِ، وَالْبُرِّ بِالْبُرِّ، وَالشَّعِيرِ بِالشَّعِيرِ، وَالتَّمْرِ بِالتَّمْرِ، وَالْمِلْحِ بِالْمِلْحِ إِلَّا سَوَاءً بِسَوَاءٍ عَيْنًا بِعَيْنٍ فَمَنْ زَادَ، أَوِ ازْدَادَ فَقَدْ أَرْبَى ". فَرَدَّ النَّاسُ مَا أَخَذُوا فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَقَامَ خَطِيبًا، فَقَالَ: " أَلَا مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَادِيثَ قَدْ كُنَّا نَشْهَدُهُ، وَنَصْحَبُهُ وَلَمْ نَسْمَعْهَا مِنْهُ؟ " فَقَامَ عُبَادَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَأَعَادَ الْقِصَّةَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " لَنُحَدِّثَنَّ بِمَا سَمِعْنَا من رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَإِنْ كَرِهَ مُعَاوِيَةُ، - أَوْ قَالَ: وَإنْ رَغِمَ مُعَاوِيَةُ مَا أُبَالِي أَنْ لَا أَصْحَبَهُ فِي جُنْدِهِ لَيْلَةً سَوْدَاءَ " قَالَ حَمَّادٌ: هَذَا أَوْ نَحْوُهُ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيِّ.
Abu Qilabah said: I was in Syria in a gathering in which Muslim bin Yasar was present. Abu al-Ash'ath came, and they said: Abu al-Ash'ath, Abu al-Ash'ath has come. He sat down, and I said to him: O our brother, narrate the hadith of Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Yes. We went on a military expedition, and our commander was Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him). We obtained a great deal of spoils, and among the spoils we obtained were vessels of silver. Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) ordered a man to sell them to the people against their stipends, and the people hastened to buy them. When the news reached Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbid selling gold for gold, silver for silver, wheat for wheat, barley for barley, dates for dates and salt for salt, except equal for equal, kind for kind; whoever gives more or demands more has taken usury (riba). The people returned what they had taken. When this reached Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), he delivered a sermon, saying: What is the matter with people that they narrate hadiths from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), while we were with him (peace and blessings be upon him) and did not hear them from him (peace and blessings be upon him)? Sayyiduna Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and repeated the story, then said: We narrate what we heard from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), even if Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) dislikes it — or he said: even if Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) is displeased. I do not care if I do not march with his army for a single dark night.
