مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب : تواريخ المتقدمين من الأنبياء والمرسلين
Book of the Histories of the Earlier Prophets and Messengers
أَحْوَالُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَسَارَّةَ وَلُوطٍ وَقَوْمِهِ
The circumstances of Ibrahim, Sarah, Lut and his people
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أخبرنا أبو عبد الله بن بُطّة، حدثنا الحسن بن الجهم، حدثنا الحسين بن الفرج، حدثنا الواقدي، قال: وبلغنا أنَّ إبراهيم لما هاجر إلى أرض الشام وأخرجوه منها طَرِيدًا، فانطلق ومعه سارة، وقالت له: إني قد وهبتُ نفسي لك، فأوحى الله إليه أن يتزوَّجها، فكان أول وحيٍ أنزله عليه، وآمن به لوط في رهطٍ معه من قومه، وقال: ﴿إِنِّي مُهَاجِرٌ إِلَى رَبِّي إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ﴾ [العنكبوت:26]، فأخرجوه من أرض بابل آمِّين الأرضَ المقدسة، حتى ورد حَرّان، فأخرجُوه منها، حتى دَفَعُوا إلى الأردن، وفيها جَبّار من الجبارين حتى قَصَمَه الله، ثم إن إبراهيم رجع إلى الشام ومعه لوط، فنبَّأ الله لوطًا وبعثه إلى المؤتفكات رسولًا وداعيًا إلى الله، وهي خمسة مدائن، أعظمُها سَدُوما، ثم عَمُودا، ثم أرُوما، ثم صَعُورا، ثم صابورا، وكان أهل هذه المدائن أربعة آلاف ألفِ إنسان، فنزل لوطٌ سَدُوما، فلبث فيهم بضعًا وعشرين سنة يأمرهم وينهاهم ويدعوهم إلى الله وإلى عبادته، وتَرْكِ ما هم عليه من الفواحش والخبائث، وكانت الضِّيافةُ مُفتَرَضَةً على لوطٍ كما افتُرِضَت على إبراهيم وإسماعيل، فكان قومه لا يُضيفون أحدًا، وكانوا يأتون الذُّكْران من العالمين، ويدَعُون النساء، فعيَّرهم الله بذلك على لسان نبيهم في القرآن فقال: ﴿أَتَأْتُونَ الذُّكْرَانَ مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ (165) وَتَذَرُونَ مَا خَلَقَ لَكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ﴾ [الشعراء:
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4058 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4058 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
Abu Abdullah bin Battah informed us; he said: Al-Hasan bin al-Jahm narrated to us; al-Husayn bin al-Faraj narrated to him, and al-Waqidi told him; he said: It has reached us that when Sayyiduna Ibrahim (peace be upon him) migrated to the land of Sham and his people expelled him from there as an outcast, he departed from there, and with him was Sayyidah Sarah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said to Sayyiduna Ibrahim (peace be upon him): "I have given myself to you," so Allah Almighty revealed to him that he should marry her, and this was the first revelation that Allah sent down to him. And from among a group of his people, Sayyiduna Lut (peace be upon him) believed in him, and he said: 'Indeed, I am emigrating to my Lord. Indeed, He is the Almighty, the All-Wise.' [Surah al-Ankabut: 26]. Then those people expelled them from the land of Babylon while they were heading for the Holy Land, until they reached Harran; and from there too the people expelled them, until they reached Jordan, and there was a tyrant from among the tyrants there, until Allah Almighty destroyed him. Then Sayyiduna Ibrahim (peace be upon him) returned to Sham, and with him was Sayyiduna Lut (peace be upon him). Then Allah Almighty granted prophethood to Sayyiduna Lut (peace be upon him) and sent him to al-Mu'tafikat, "the overturned towns", as a messenger and a caller to Allah. These were five cities, the largest of which was "Saduma", then "Amuda", then "Aruma", then "Sa'ura" and then "Sabura", and the population of these cities consisted of four million people. So Sayyiduna Lut (peace be upon him) settled in "Saduma" and remained among them for twenty-some years, commanding them to do good, forbidding them from evil, and calling them to Allah and to His worship, and inviting them to abandon the indecencies and filthy deeds in which they were engaged. And hospitality to guests was obligatory upon Sayyiduna Lut (peace be upon him) just as it was obligatory upon Sayyiduna Ibrahim and Sayyiduna Isma'il (peace be upon them both), but his people would not host anyone, and they would approach males from among mankind for indecency and leave the women. So Allah Almighty reproached them for this in the Noble Qur'an on the tongue of their prophet, and said: 'Do you approach males from among mankind, and leave what your Lord has created for you of your wives?' [Surah al-Shu'ara: 165-166].
قال وهبٌ (3): وذكر (1) عبد الله بن عباس أنَّ الذي حَمَلَهم على إتيان الرجال دون النساء أنهم كانت لهم بساتين وثِمارٌ في منازلهم، وبساتين وثمارٌ خارجةً على ظهر الطريق، وأنهم أصابهم قَحْط شديدٌ وجوعٌ، فقال بعضهم لبعض: إنكم إن مَنَعتُم ثماركم هذه الظاهرة من أبناء السبيل، كان لكم فيها معاشٌ، فقالوا: كيف نمنعها؟ فأقبل بعضهم على بعض، فقالوا: اجعَلُوا سُنَّتكم فيها من أخذتُم في بلادكم غريبًا لا تَعرِفُوه فاسلبوه وانكِحُوه وشُجُّوه، فإنَّ الناس لا يَطَؤُون بلادكم إذا فعلتُم ذلك، فجاءهم إبليس على تلك الحال في هيئة صَبِيٍّ وَضِيءٍ أحلى صبيٍّ رآه الناسُ وأَوسمه، فعَمَدُوه فنكحوه وسَلَبُوه وشَجُّوه، ثم ذَهَبَ فكان لا يأتيهم غريبٌ من الناس إلّا فعلوا به ذلك، فكان تلك سُنتهم، حتى بعث الله إليهم لوطًا، فنهاهم لوط عن ذلك، وحذَّرهم العذاب وأعذَرَ إليهم، فقال: يا قوم ﴿إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ مَا سَبَقَكُمْ بِهَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾ [العنكبوت: 28]، ثم ذكر باقي الحديث عن ابن عباس (1).
Wahb says that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) mentioned that what drove them to approach men instead of women was this: they had gardens and fruits inside their homes, and gardens and fruits outside as well along the public highway, and a severe drought and hunger struck them. So they said to one another: "If you keep travellers away from these exposed fruits, there will be a livelihood for you in them." They asked: "How shall we keep them away?" So they turned to one another and said: "Make it a law in your land that whenever you find a stranger in your territory whom you do not know, rob him, commit indecency with him and break his head, for when you do this, people will not come to your land." So in this state Iblis came to them in the form of an extremely handsome boy, the sweetest and most comely of the boys people had ever seen. So they targeted him, committed indecency with him, robbed him and broke his head; then he went away. After that, whatever stranger came to them, they did the same to him, and this became their practice, until Allah Almighty sent Sayyiduna Lut (peace be upon him) to them. Sayyiduna Lut (peace be upon him) forbade them from this deed, warned them of the punishment of Allah, and left them no excuse, and he said: O my people! 'Indeed, you commit an indecency which no one in the worlds has committed before you.' [Surah al-Ankabut: 28]. Then he mentioned the rest of the hadith from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both).
