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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
نِكَاحُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِزَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) marrying Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her)
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 6934
اُردوEn
قال ابن عمر: فحدثني عبد الله بن عامر الأسلميّ، عن محمد بن يحيى بن حَبَّان قال: جاء رسولُ الله ﷺ بيتَ زيد بن حارثة يطلبُه، وكان زيد إنما يُقال له: زيدُ بن محمد، فربما فَقَدَه رسولُ الله ﷺ الساعةَ، فيقول: "أينَ زيد؟ " فجاء منزلَه يطلبُه، فلم يَجِدْه، فتقوم إليه زينبُ [بنت جحش زوجته فُضُلًا، فأعرض رسولُ الله ﷺ عنها، فقالت: ليس هو هاهنا] (3) يا رسولَ الله، فولَّى يُهمهِم بشيء لا يكاد يُفهَم عنه إلَّا "سبحانَ الله العظيم سبحانَ الله مصرِّفِ القلوب"، فجاء زيدٌ إلى منزله، فأخبرته امرأتُه أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ أتى منزلَه، فقال زيد: ألا قلتِ له: يدخُل؟ قالت: قد عرضتُ ذلك عليه وأَبى، قال: فسمعتيه يقول شيئًا؟ قالت: سمعتُه حين ولَّى تكلَّم بكلام لا أفهمُه وسمعتُه يقول: "سبحانَ الله العظيم، سبحان مصرِّفِ القلوب"، قال: فخرج زيدٌ حتى أتى رسولَ الله ﷺ، فقال: يا رسولَ الله، بلغني أنَّك جئتَ منزليّ، فهلَّا دخلتَ بأبي أنت وأمي يا رسولَ الله، لعلَّ زينب أعجبتك فأفارقها؟ فيقولُ رسولُ الله ﷺ: "أمسِكْ عليك زوجَك"، فما استطاع زيدٌ إليها سبيلًا بعد ذلك، ويأتي رسولَ الله ﷺ فيخبره، فيقول: "أمسك عليك زوجَك"، فيقول: يا رسولَ الله، أفارقها؟ فيقولُ رسول الله ﷺ: "احبِسْ عليك زوجَك"، ففارقها زيدٌ واعتزلها، وحلَّت. قالت: فبينما رسولُ الله ﷺ جالسٌ يتحدَّث مع عائشة إذ (1) أَخَذَت رسول الله ﷺ غَمْيةٌ، ثم سُرِّيَ عنه وهو يتبسمُ وهو يقول: "مَن يذهب إلى زينب يُبشِّرُها أَنَّ الله ﷿ زوَّجَنيها من السماء؟ "، وتلا رسول الله ﷺ: ﴿وَإِذْ تَقُولُ لِلَّذِي أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِ﴾ [الأحزاب: 37] القصةَ كلَّها، قالت عائشة: فأخذني ما قَرُب وما بَعُدَ لِما كان بلغني من جمالها، وأخرى هي أعظمُ الأمور وأشرفُها، ما صنعَ اللهُ لها، زوَّجها الله ﷿ من السماء، وقالت عائشة: هي تَفخَرُ علينا بهذا، قالت عائشة: فخرجت سلمي خادمُ رسول الله ﷺ تشتدُّ فحدَّثَتها بذلك وأعطتها أَوضاحًا لها (2).
It is narrated from Muhammad bin Yahya bin Habban that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went to the house of Sayyiduna Zayd bin Harithah (may Allah be pleased with him), who in those days was called "Zayd bin Muhammad". Often he (peace and blessings be upon him) would miss him and ask: "Where is Zayd?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) reached his house looking for him, but he was not there. Sayyidah Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her) got up and came forward in her household clothes, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned his gaze away from her. She said: "O Messenger of Allah, he is not here." So he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned back, murmuring something of which nothing could be made out except: 'Subhan Allahil-Azim, subhan Allahi musarrifil-qulub' (Glory be to Allah, the Magnificent; glory be to Allah, the Turner of hearts). When Zayd came home, his wife told him that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had come. Zayd asked: "Why did you not ask him to come in?" She said: "I did offer, but he declined." Zayd asked: "Did you hear him say anything?" She said: "As he was going back, he was saying something I could not understand, but I heard him saying: 'Subhan Allahil-Azim, subhan Allahi musarrifil-qulub' (Glory be to Allah, the Magnificent; glory be to Allah, the Turner of hearts)." So Zayd came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have learned that you came to my house. May my father and mother be sacrificed for you! Why did you not come in? Perhaps Zaynab has pleased you, so shall I divorce her?" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Keep your wife to yourself." After that, living together with her became impossible for Zayd. He came again, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) again said: "Keep your wife to yourself." Zayd said: "O Messenger of Allah, shall I separate from her?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) again said: "Keep your wife to yourself." In the end Zayd divorced her, and she completed her waiting period. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: One day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting with me in conversation when the state of revelation came over him (peace and blessings be upon him). Then, when that state lifted, he (peace and blessings be upon him) was smiling and saying: "Who will go to Zaynab and give her the glad tidings that Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has married her to me from the heaven?" And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this whole verse: "And when you said to the one on whom Allah had bestowed favour and on whom you had bestowed favour." [Surah al-Ahzab: 37] Sayyidah Aishah says: Because of the talk of her beauty, and because of the great honour Allah had granted her in marrying her from the heaven, an intense feeling of jealousy came over me. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: She used to take pride over us in this. Then Salma, the servant of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), hurried out and gave Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) this news, upon which she, in her joy, gave her some of her silver ornaments as a reward.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(3) في النسخ الخطية: "فيقول لها هنا يا رسول الله"، لكن لفظة (لها) ليست في (م) و (ص)، ومكانها بياض، والمثبت من "طبقات ابن سعد"، وفيه زيادة: فادخُل بأبي أنت وأمي، فأبى رسولُ الله أن يدخل، وإنما عجلت زينب أن تلبس لما قيل لها: رسولُ الله ﷺ على الباب، فوثبت عجلي …
Note / Clarification: The manuscripts read: "fa-yaqulu laha huna ya Rasul Allah", but the word "laha" is not in manuscripts (M) and (S); there is a blank space in its place. We established the text from "Tabaqat Ibn Sa'd", which has this addition: "May my father and mother be ransomed for you! Please come in", but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) declined to go in. Zaynab hurried to get dressed when she was told that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was at the door, and she jumped up in haste …
(1) تحرّفت في النسخ الخطية إلى: إن.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): In the manuscripts this word was corrupted into "in".
(2) إسناده ضعيف، عبد الله بن عامر الأسلمي ضعيف، والخبر مرسل، وفي متنه نكارة.
Grading: This chain is "da'if" (weak).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Abd Allah bin 'Amir al-Aslami is "da'if", the report is also "mursal", and its text contains "nakarah" (something objectionable).
وأخرجه ابن سعد في "الطبقات" 10/ 99. ومن طريقه الطبري في "تاريخه" 11/ 607 - 608. عن الواقديّ، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd (10/ 99) — and by way of him al-Tabari (11/ 607-608) — narrated it via al-Waqidi with this same chain.
وانظر حديث أنس في "مسند أحمد" 19/ (12511) والتعليق عليه لزامًا. وانظر كلام الإمام ابن العربيّ على هذا الخبر فيما نقله عنه ابن الملقن في "البدر المنير" 7/ 472 - 474.
Note / Clarification: Be sure to see the hadith of Anas in "Musnad Ahmad" (19/ 12511) and the commentary on it. Also see the remarks of Ibn al-'Arabi on this report as quoted from him by Ibn al-Mulaqqin in "al-Badr al-Munir" (7/ 472-474).
ويغني عنه ما رواه مسلم (1428) من حديث أنس، قال: لما انقضت عدة زينب، قال رسول الله ﷺ لزيد: "فاذكرها عليَّ"، قال: فانطلق زيد حتى أتاها وهي تخمر عجينها، قال: فلما رأيتها عظمت في صدري، حتى ما أستطيع أن أنظر إليها، أن رسول الله ﷺ ذكرها، فوليتها ظهري، ونكصت على عقبي، فقلت: يا زينب، أرسل رسول الله ﷺ يذكرك، قالت: ما أنا بصانعة شيئًا حتى أُؤامرَ ربي، فقامت إلى مسجدها، ونزل القرآن، وجاء رسول الله ﷺ، فدخل عليها بغير إذن، قال: ولقد رأيتنا أن رسول الله ﷺ أطعمنا الخبز واللحم حين امتد النهار … إلخ.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: What Muslim (1428) narrated from the hadith of Anas makes this (weak narration) unnecessary: When Zaynab's waiting period ended, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Zayd: "Propose to her on my behalf." Zayd went and came to her while she was leavening her dough. Zayd said: When I saw her, she seemed so great in my eyes that I could not look at her, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had mentioned her. So I turned my back to her, stepped back on my heels, and said: O Zaynab, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has sent a proposal to you. She said: I will not do anything until I consult my Lord. She stood up at her place of prayer; then the Qur'an was revealed, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came and entered upon her without permission. (Anas said:) I saw that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fed us bread and meat when the day was well advanced … etc.
Note / Clarification: The manuscripts read: "fa-yaqulu laha huna ya Rasul Allah", but the word "laha" is not in manuscripts (M) and (S); there is a blank space in its place. We established the text from "Tabaqat Ibn Sa'd", which has this addition: "May my father and mother be ransomed for you! Please come in", but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) declined to go in. Zaynab hurried to get dressed when she was told that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was at the door, and she jumped up in haste …
(1) تحرّفت في النسخ الخطية إلى: إن.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): In the manuscripts this word was corrupted into "in".
(2) إسناده ضعيف، عبد الله بن عامر الأسلمي ضعيف، والخبر مرسل، وفي متنه نكارة.
Grading: This chain is "da'if" (weak).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Abd Allah bin 'Amir al-Aslami is "da'if", the report is also "mursal", and its text contains "nakarah" (something objectionable).
وأخرجه ابن سعد في "الطبقات" 10/ 99. ومن طريقه الطبري في "تاريخه" 11/ 607 - 608. عن الواقديّ، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd (10/ 99) — and by way of him al-Tabari (11/ 607-608) — narrated it via al-Waqidi with this same chain.
وانظر حديث أنس في "مسند أحمد" 19/ (12511) والتعليق عليه لزامًا. وانظر كلام الإمام ابن العربيّ على هذا الخبر فيما نقله عنه ابن الملقن في "البدر المنير" 7/ 472 - 474.
Note / Clarification: Be sure to see the hadith of Anas in "Musnad Ahmad" (19/ 12511) and the commentary on it. Also see the remarks of Ibn al-'Arabi on this report as quoted from him by Ibn al-Mulaqqin in "al-Badr al-Munir" (7/ 472-474).
ويغني عنه ما رواه مسلم (1428) من حديث أنس، قال: لما انقضت عدة زينب، قال رسول الله ﷺ لزيد: "فاذكرها عليَّ"، قال: فانطلق زيد حتى أتاها وهي تخمر عجينها، قال: فلما رأيتها عظمت في صدري، حتى ما أستطيع أن أنظر إليها، أن رسول الله ﷺ ذكرها، فوليتها ظهري، ونكصت على عقبي، فقلت: يا زينب، أرسل رسول الله ﷺ يذكرك، قالت: ما أنا بصانعة شيئًا حتى أُؤامرَ ربي، فقامت إلى مسجدها، ونزل القرآن، وجاء رسول الله ﷺ، فدخل عليها بغير إذن، قال: ولقد رأيتنا أن رسول الله ﷺ أطعمنا الخبز واللحم حين امتد النهار … إلخ.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: What Muslim (1428) narrated from the hadith of Anas makes this (weak narration) unnecessary: When Zaynab's waiting period ended, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Zayd: "Propose to her on my behalf." Zayd went and came to her while she was leavening her dough. Zayd said: When I saw her, she seemed so great in my eyes that I could not look at her, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had mentioned her. So I turned my back to her, stepped back on my heels, and said: O Zaynab, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has sent a proposal to you. She said: I will not do anything until I consult my Lord. She stood up at her place of prayer; then the Qur'an was revealed, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came and entered upon her without permission. (Anas said:) I saw that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fed us bread and meat when the day was well advanced … etc.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 6934
