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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
شَهَادَةُ رُبَاعِيَتِهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةِ أُحُدٍ
The breaking of the tooth of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Battle of Uhud
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 5391
اُردوEn
أخبرني أبو نصر محمد بن أحمد بن عمر الخَفّاف، حدَّثنا محمد بن المُنذر بن سعيد الهَرَوي، حدَّثنا أبو الزُّبير علي بن الحسن بن علي بن مُسلم المكِّي، قال: حدثني هارون بن يحيى بن هارون بن عبد الرحمن بن حاطِب بن أبي بَلْتَعة المدني، قال: حدثني أبو رَبيعة الحَرّاني، عن عبد الحميد بن أبي أنس، عن صفوان بن سُلَيم، عن أنس بن مالك، أنه سمع حاطِبَ بن أبي بَلْتَعة، يقول: إنه طَلَعَ على النبي ﷺ بأُحُدٍ وهو يَشتدُّ، وفي يد علي بن أبي طالب الترسُ فيه ماءٌ، ورسول الله ﷺ يَغسِلُ وجهَه من ذلك الماء، فقال له حاطِبٌ: مَن فعل بك هذا؟ قال: "عُتْبة بن أبي وقاص، هَشَمَ وجهي، ودَقَّ رَبَاعِيَتي بحَجَرِ رَمَاني" قلت: إني سمعتُ صائحًا يَصِيح على الجبل: قُتل محمدٌ، فأتيتُ إليك، وكأنْ قد ذهبَتْ رُوحي، قلت: أين تَوجَّه عتبةُ؟ فأشار إلى حيثُ تَوجَّه، فمضيتُ حتى ظَفِرتُ به، فضربتُه بالسيفِ فطرحتُ رأسَه، فهبطتُ فأخذتُ رأسَه وسَلَبَه وفرسَه، وجئتُ به إلى النبي ﷺ، فسَلَّم ذلك إليَّ ودعا لي، فقال: "رضيَ الله عنك، رضيَ الله عنك" (1).
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5307 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5307 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that he heard Sayyiduna Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) say that on the day of Uhud he reached the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at a time when he (peace and blessings be upon him) was in severe pain (from his wounds). At that time Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) had a shield in his hand containing water, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was washing his blessed face with that water. Sayyiduna Hatib (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Who did this to you? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Utbah bin Abi Waqqas; he struck me with a stone, which wounded my face and broke my front tooth." Hatib said: I said: I heard a caller on the mountain crying out that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) had been martyred, so I ran (restlessly) towards you, and (out of fear) it felt as if my soul had left me. Then I asked: Which way did Utbah go? He (peace and blessings be upon him) pointed in the direction he had gone. So I went after him until I caught him, and I struck off his head with a blow of the sword. Then I came down and took his head, his belongings and his horse, and came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave all of it to me and supplicated for me, saying: "Radiya Allahu anka, radiya Allahu anka (May Allah be pleased with you, may Allah be pleased with you)."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) إسناده مُظلم كما قال الذهبي في "سير أعلام النبلاء" 2/ 44، وذلك لجهالة مَن بين محمد بن المنذر الهروي وصفوان بن سُليم، وقال ابن حجر في "الإصابة" 5/ 259: إسنادٌ فيه مجاهيل.
Grading: (1) Its chain is "muzlim" (dark, i.e. severely weak), as al-Dhahabi said in "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'" (2/ 44).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is that the narrators between Muhammad bin al-Mundhir al-Harawi and Safwan bin Sulaym are "majhul" (unknown). Ibn Hajar said in "al-Isabah" (5/ 259): "A chain in which there are unknown narrators."
وأخرجه البيهقي في "سننه الكبرى" 6/ 308 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi recorded it in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" (6/ 308) from Abu Abd Allah al-Hakim with this same chain.
وقد ثبت أنَّ عُتبة بن أبي وقاص هو مَن كَسَر رَباعِيَة رسول الله ﷺ يوم أُحُد، كما أخرجه عبد الرزاق في "مصنفه" (9649)، وفي "تفسيره" 1/ 131 من مرسل مِقسَم مولى ابن عباس ومرسل الزهري: أنَّ عتبة بن أبي وقاص كسر رباعية النبي ﷺ يوم أُحُد، ودمَّى وجهه، فدعا عليه النبي ﷺ، فقال: "اللهم لا يَحُلِ الحَولُ حتى يموت كافرًا"، فما حال عليه الحولُ حتى مات كافرًا إلى النار.
Important point: It is established that Utbah bin Abi Waqqas was the one who broke the front tooth (ruba'iyah) of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud.
Reference / Source: As Abd al-Razzaq recorded in his "al-Musannaf" (9649) and his "Tafsir" (1/ 131) from the mursal narrations of Miqsam, the freedman of Ibn Abbas, and of al-Zuhri: Utbah bin Abi Waqqas broke the front tooth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud and made his face bleed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) invoked against him and said: "O Allah, let the year not pass before he dies a disbeliever." And the year had not passed over him before he died a disbeliever, bound for the Fire.
وأخرج نحوه عبدُ الرزاق كما في "الإصابة" لابن حجر 5/ 259، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (5366) من مرسل سعيد بن المسيب.
Reference / Source: A similar narration was recorded by Abd al-Razzaq (as cited in al-Isabah 5/ 259) and by Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (5366) from Sa'id bin al-Musayyab as "mursal".
وأخرجه عبد الرزاق في "تفسيره" 1/ 131، وابن سعد، وابن المنذر في "تفسيره" (908)، والطبري في "تفسيره" 4/ 88 من مرسل قتادة نحوه أيضًا.
Reference / Source: Abd al-Razzaq recorded it in his "Tafsir" (1/ 131), as did Ibn Sa'd, Ibn al-Mundhir in his "Tafsir" (908) and al-Tabari in his "Tafsir" (4/ 88), also in similar form from the mursal narration of Qatadah.
وذكره ابن هشام في "السيرة النبوية" 2/ 80 عن رُبَيح بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي سعيد الخدري، عن أبيه، عن جده. ولم يُسنده ابن هشام إلى رُبيح.
Reference / Source: Ibn Hisham mentioned it in "al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah" (2/ 80) from Rubayh bin Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Sa'id al-Khudri, from his father, from his grandfather, but Ibn Hisham did not give his chain up to Rubayh.
وروى البيهقي في "الدلائل" 3/ 206 عن موسى بن عقبة قوله: يزعمون أنَّ الذي رماه عتبةُ بن أبي وقاص. وروى ابن إسحاق كما في "سيرة ابن هشام" 2/ 86 عن صالح بن كيسان، عمَّن حدثه عن سعد بن أبي وقاص أنه كان يقول: والله ما حَرَصتُ على قتل رجل قطُّ كحرصي على قتل عتبة بن أبي وقاص … ولقد كفاني منه قولُ رسول الله ﷺ: "اشتد غضبُ الله على مَن دمَّى وجه رسولِه".
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi narrated in "al-Dala'il" (3/ 206) the statement of Musa bin Uqbah: "They claim that the one who shot at him (peace and blessings be upon him) was Utbah bin Abi Waqqas." And Ibn Ishaq (as cited in Sirat Ibn Hisham 2/ 86) narrated from Salih bin Kaysan, from someone who narrated to him, from Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas, that he used to say: "By Allah, I was never as eager to kill any man as I was eager to kill Utbah bin Abi Waqqas … and the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about him sufficed me: 'The wrath of Allah is severe upon the one who made the face of His Messenger bleed.'"
وهذا سند حسنٌ لولا إبهام راويه عن سعد بن أبي وقاص.
Grading: This chain would be "hasan" were it not that the narrator from Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas is "mubham" (unnamed).
ورواه الواقديُّ في "المغازي" 1/ 224 عن شيوخه.
Reference / Source: Al-Waqidi narrated it in "al-Maghazi" (1/ 224) from his shaykhs.
وأما قَتْل حاطبِ بن أبي بَلْتَعة لعتبة بن أبي وقاص، فلا يصحُّ كما قال ابن حجر في "الإصابة" 5/ 259، لما ورد في "صحيح البخاري" (2053)، و "صحيح مسلم" (1457) أنَّ عتبة بن أبي وقاص عَهِد إلى أخيه سعد أنَّ ابن وليدة زمعة منّي فاقبِضه … الحديث، قال ابن حجر: لو قُتل عتبة إذ ذاك فكيف كان يوصي سعدًا …
Technical note / Defect ('illah): As for Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah killing Utbah bin Abi Waqqas, it is "not authentic", as Ibn Hajar said in "al-Isabah" (5/ 259). The evidence is that "Sahih al-Bukhari" (2053) and "Sahih Muslim" (1457) state that Utbah bin Abi Waqqas charged his brother Sa'd: "The son of Zam'ah's slave-girl is mine, so take him …" Ibn Hajar said: "If Utbah had been killed at that time (at Uhud), how could he have given instructions to Sa'd …"
Grading: (1) Its chain is "muzlim" (dark, i.e. severely weak), as al-Dhahabi said in "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'" (2/ 44).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is that the narrators between Muhammad bin al-Mundhir al-Harawi and Safwan bin Sulaym are "majhul" (unknown). Ibn Hajar said in "al-Isabah" (5/ 259): "A chain in which there are unknown narrators."
وأخرجه البيهقي في "سننه الكبرى" 6/ 308 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi recorded it in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" (6/ 308) from Abu Abd Allah al-Hakim with this same chain.
وقد ثبت أنَّ عُتبة بن أبي وقاص هو مَن كَسَر رَباعِيَة رسول الله ﷺ يوم أُحُد، كما أخرجه عبد الرزاق في "مصنفه" (9649)، وفي "تفسيره" 1/ 131 من مرسل مِقسَم مولى ابن عباس ومرسل الزهري: أنَّ عتبة بن أبي وقاص كسر رباعية النبي ﷺ يوم أُحُد، ودمَّى وجهه، فدعا عليه النبي ﷺ، فقال: "اللهم لا يَحُلِ الحَولُ حتى يموت كافرًا"، فما حال عليه الحولُ حتى مات كافرًا إلى النار.
Important point: It is established that Utbah bin Abi Waqqas was the one who broke the front tooth (ruba'iyah) of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud.
Reference / Source: As Abd al-Razzaq recorded in his "al-Musannaf" (9649) and his "Tafsir" (1/ 131) from the mursal narrations of Miqsam, the freedman of Ibn Abbas, and of al-Zuhri: Utbah bin Abi Waqqas broke the front tooth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud and made his face bleed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) invoked against him and said: "O Allah, let the year not pass before he dies a disbeliever." And the year had not passed over him before he died a disbeliever, bound for the Fire.
وأخرج نحوه عبدُ الرزاق كما في "الإصابة" لابن حجر 5/ 259، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (5366) من مرسل سعيد بن المسيب.
Reference / Source: A similar narration was recorded by Abd al-Razzaq (as cited in al-Isabah 5/ 259) and by Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (5366) from Sa'id bin al-Musayyab as "mursal".
وأخرجه عبد الرزاق في "تفسيره" 1/ 131، وابن سعد، وابن المنذر في "تفسيره" (908)، والطبري في "تفسيره" 4/ 88 من مرسل قتادة نحوه أيضًا.
Reference / Source: Abd al-Razzaq recorded it in his "Tafsir" (1/ 131), as did Ibn Sa'd, Ibn al-Mundhir in his "Tafsir" (908) and al-Tabari in his "Tafsir" (4/ 88), also in similar form from the mursal narration of Qatadah.
وذكره ابن هشام في "السيرة النبوية" 2/ 80 عن رُبَيح بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي سعيد الخدري، عن أبيه، عن جده. ولم يُسنده ابن هشام إلى رُبيح.
Reference / Source: Ibn Hisham mentioned it in "al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah" (2/ 80) from Rubayh bin Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Sa'id al-Khudri, from his father, from his grandfather, but Ibn Hisham did not give his chain up to Rubayh.
وروى البيهقي في "الدلائل" 3/ 206 عن موسى بن عقبة قوله: يزعمون أنَّ الذي رماه عتبةُ بن أبي وقاص. وروى ابن إسحاق كما في "سيرة ابن هشام" 2/ 86 عن صالح بن كيسان، عمَّن حدثه عن سعد بن أبي وقاص أنه كان يقول: والله ما حَرَصتُ على قتل رجل قطُّ كحرصي على قتل عتبة بن أبي وقاص … ولقد كفاني منه قولُ رسول الله ﷺ: "اشتد غضبُ الله على مَن دمَّى وجه رسولِه".
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi narrated in "al-Dala'il" (3/ 206) the statement of Musa bin Uqbah: "They claim that the one who shot at him (peace and blessings be upon him) was Utbah bin Abi Waqqas." And Ibn Ishaq (as cited in Sirat Ibn Hisham 2/ 86) narrated from Salih bin Kaysan, from someone who narrated to him, from Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas, that he used to say: "By Allah, I was never as eager to kill any man as I was eager to kill Utbah bin Abi Waqqas … and the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about him sufficed me: 'The wrath of Allah is severe upon the one who made the face of His Messenger bleed.'"
وهذا سند حسنٌ لولا إبهام راويه عن سعد بن أبي وقاص.
Grading: This chain would be "hasan" were it not that the narrator from Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas is "mubham" (unnamed).
ورواه الواقديُّ في "المغازي" 1/ 224 عن شيوخه.
Reference / Source: Al-Waqidi narrated it in "al-Maghazi" (1/ 224) from his shaykhs.
وأما قَتْل حاطبِ بن أبي بَلْتَعة لعتبة بن أبي وقاص، فلا يصحُّ كما قال ابن حجر في "الإصابة" 5/ 259، لما ورد في "صحيح البخاري" (2053)، و "صحيح مسلم" (1457) أنَّ عتبة بن أبي وقاص عَهِد إلى أخيه سعد أنَّ ابن وليدة زمعة منّي فاقبِضه … الحديث، قال ابن حجر: لو قُتل عتبة إذ ذاك فكيف كان يوصي سعدًا …
Technical note / Defect ('illah): As for Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah killing Utbah bin Abi Waqqas, it is "not authentic", as Ibn Hajar said in "al-Isabah" (5/ 259). The evidence is that "Sahih al-Bukhari" (2053) and "Sahih Muslim" (1457) state that Utbah bin Abi Waqqas charged his brother Sa'd: "The son of Zam'ah's slave-girl is mine, so take him …" Ibn Hajar said: "If Utbah had been killed at that time (at Uhud), how could he have given instructions to Sa'd …"
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 5391
