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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذِكْرُ مَنَاقِبِ ضِرَارِ بْنِ الْأَزْوَرِ الْأَسَدِيِّ الشَّاعِرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
Virtues of Dirar bin al-Azwar al-Asadi, the poet (may Allah be pleased with him)
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 5110
اُردوEn
قال ابن إسحاق: فحدثني يزيد بن رُومانَ، عن عُروة، عن عائشة، قالت: صرخَتْ زينبُ: أيُّها الناس، إني قد أجَرْتُ أبا العاص بن الربيع، قال: فلما سلَّم رسولُ الله ﷺ من صلاته أقبلَ على الناس، فقال: "أيها الناس، هل سمعتُم ما سمعتُ؟ " قالوا: نعم، قال: "أما والذي نفسُ محمدٍ بيدِه، ما عَلِمتُ بشيءٍ كان حتى سمعتُ منه ما سمعتُم، إنه يُجِيرُ على المسلمين أدْناهُم"، ثم انصرفَ رسول الله ﷺ، فدخَل على ابنتِه زينبَ، فقال: "أيْ بُنيّةُ، أَكرِمي مَثْواهُ، ولا يَخلُصْ إليكِ، فإنك لا تَحِلِّين له" (1).
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) relates that Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) called out loudly: O people! I have granted protection to Abu al-As bin al-Rabi'. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) concluded the prayer with the salam, he turned to the people and said: "O people! Did you hear what I heard?" The people said: Yes. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By the One in whose hand is the soul of Muhammad! I knew nothing about this until I heard what you heard. Indeed, even the lowest-ranking man of the Muslims can grant protection to someone." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went from there to his daughter Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: "O my dear daughter! Honour his lodging (that is, be hospitable to him), but he should not come near you (as a husband), for you are no longer lawful for him."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) إسناده لا بأس برجاله، لكن المحفوظ فيه أنه من رواية ابن إسحاق عن يزيد بن رومان مرسلًا، ليس فيه عروة ولا عائشة كما أشار إليه ابن عُساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 67/ 18، وقد رواه المصنِّف نفسه على الصواب في "مغازي ابن إسحاق" كما رواه عنه البيهقي في "سننه الكبرى" 9/ 95 مشيرًا إلى تغاير ما بين روايتي الحاكم هاتين روايته التي في "مغازي إسحاق"، وروايته هذه التي في "المستدرك"، ولم يُرجِّح بينهما البيهقيُّ، وكان البيهقيُّ روى قبلَ ذلك هذه القصة 7/ 185 بإسناد الحاكم الموصول هنا.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): There is no harm in the narrators of this chain, but what is "mahfuz" (the preserved, most correct version) is that it is a "mursal" narration of Ibn Ishaq from "Yazid bin Ruman", without mention of 'Urwah or 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), as Ibn 'Asakir indicated in "Tarikh Dimashq" (67/18). The author (al-Hakim) himself narrated it correctly (as mursal) in his book "Maghazi Ibn Ishaq" (as al-Bayhaqi reported from him in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" 9/95). Al-Bayhaqi pointed out the difference between these two narrations of al-Hakim (the one in al-Maghazi and the one in al-Mustadrak) but did not give preference to either. However, al-Bayhaqi had earlier (7/185) narrated this same story with al-Hakim's connected (mawsul) chain that is here in al-Mustadrak.
وأخرجه على الصواب ابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 67/ 18 من طريق أبي الحسين رضوان بن أحمد الصيدلاني، عن أحمد بن عبد الجبار، عن يونس بن بُكَير، عن ابن إسحاق، عن يزيد بن رومان مرسلًا.
Reference / Source: Ibn 'Asakir narrated it in the correct form ('ala al-sawab) in "Tarikh Dimashq" (67/18): from Abu al-Husayn Ridwan bin Ahmad al-Saydalani, from Ahmad bin Abd al-Jabbar, from Yunus bin Bukayr, from Ibn Ishaq, from Yazid bin Ruman, in "mursal" form.
وكذلك أخرجه ابن سعد 5/ 8 و 10/ 32 عن يعلى بن عبيد الطنافسي، وابن هشام في "السيرة النبوية" 1/ 657 عن زياد بن عبد الله البكّائي، والطبري في "تاريخه" 2/ 471 من طريق سلمة بن الفضل الأبرش، والطبراني في "الكبير" 22/ (1050) من طريق محمد بن سَلَمة الحَرَّاني كلهم عن ابن إسحاق، عن يزيد بن رومان مرسلًا.
Reference / Source: Likewise Ibn Sa'd (5/8 and 10/32) narrated it from Ya'la bin 'Ubayd al-Tanafisi, Ibn Hisham in "al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah" (1/657) from Ziyad bin Abd Allah al-Bakka'i, al-Tabari in "Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk" (2/471) by way of Salamah bin al-Fadl al-Abrash, and al-Tabarani in "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" (22/1050) by way of Muhammad bin Salamah al-Harrani. All these narrators narrate it from Ibn Ishaq, from Yazid bin Ruman, in "mursal" form.
ويشهد لقصة أبي العاص هذه في دخوله في جوار زوجه زينب وقبوله ﷺ جوارها حديثا أنس بن مالك وأم سلمة الآتيان بالأرقام (7013 - 7015) لكن ليس فيهما قوله ﷺ لابنته زينب: "أي بنيّة، أكرمي مثواهُ، ولا يَخلُص إليك، فإنك لا تَحِلِّين له".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: For this story of Abu al-'As entering the protection of his wife Zaynab and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) accepting her grant of protection, the hadiths of Anas bin Malik and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them), which will come at numbers (7013-7015), are "shahid" (supporting reports). However, neither of them contains the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) saying to his daughter Zaynab: "O my daughter, honour his stay, but let him not come near you (no privacy), for you are not lawful for him."
لكن يؤيد صحة هذا الحرف كونُ القصة كانت بعد هدنة الحديبية كما تقدم بيانه عند الرواية السابقة، أي: بعد نزول آية تحريم المؤمنات على أزواجهم الكفار في سورة الممتحنة.
Technical note / Textual reasoning: However, the authenticity of this phrase (you are not lawful for him) is supported by the fact that this story was after "the truce of al-Hudaybiyah" (as explained at the previous narration), that is, after the revelation of the verse in Surat al-Mumtahanah making believing women unlawful for their disbelieving husbands.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): There is no harm in the narrators of this chain, but what is "mahfuz" (the preserved, most correct version) is that it is a "mursal" narration of Ibn Ishaq from "Yazid bin Ruman", without mention of 'Urwah or 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), as Ibn 'Asakir indicated in "Tarikh Dimashq" (67/18). The author (al-Hakim) himself narrated it correctly (as mursal) in his book "Maghazi Ibn Ishaq" (as al-Bayhaqi reported from him in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" 9/95). Al-Bayhaqi pointed out the difference between these two narrations of al-Hakim (the one in al-Maghazi and the one in al-Mustadrak) but did not give preference to either. However, al-Bayhaqi had earlier (7/185) narrated this same story with al-Hakim's connected (mawsul) chain that is here in al-Mustadrak.
وأخرجه على الصواب ابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 67/ 18 من طريق أبي الحسين رضوان بن أحمد الصيدلاني، عن أحمد بن عبد الجبار، عن يونس بن بُكَير، عن ابن إسحاق، عن يزيد بن رومان مرسلًا.
Reference / Source: Ibn 'Asakir narrated it in the correct form ('ala al-sawab) in "Tarikh Dimashq" (67/18): from Abu al-Husayn Ridwan bin Ahmad al-Saydalani, from Ahmad bin Abd al-Jabbar, from Yunus bin Bukayr, from Ibn Ishaq, from Yazid bin Ruman, in "mursal" form.
وكذلك أخرجه ابن سعد 5/ 8 و 10/ 32 عن يعلى بن عبيد الطنافسي، وابن هشام في "السيرة النبوية" 1/ 657 عن زياد بن عبد الله البكّائي، والطبري في "تاريخه" 2/ 471 من طريق سلمة بن الفضل الأبرش، والطبراني في "الكبير" 22/ (1050) من طريق محمد بن سَلَمة الحَرَّاني كلهم عن ابن إسحاق، عن يزيد بن رومان مرسلًا.
Reference / Source: Likewise Ibn Sa'd (5/8 and 10/32) narrated it from Ya'la bin 'Ubayd al-Tanafisi, Ibn Hisham in "al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah" (1/657) from Ziyad bin Abd Allah al-Bakka'i, al-Tabari in "Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk" (2/471) by way of Salamah bin al-Fadl al-Abrash, and al-Tabarani in "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" (22/1050) by way of Muhammad bin Salamah al-Harrani. All these narrators narrate it from Ibn Ishaq, from Yazid bin Ruman, in "mursal" form.
ويشهد لقصة أبي العاص هذه في دخوله في جوار زوجه زينب وقبوله ﷺ جوارها حديثا أنس بن مالك وأم سلمة الآتيان بالأرقام (7013 - 7015) لكن ليس فيهما قوله ﷺ لابنته زينب: "أي بنيّة، أكرمي مثواهُ، ولا يَخلُص إليك، فإنك لا تَحِلِّين له".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: For this story of Abu al-'As entering the protection of his wife Zaynab and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) accepting her grant of protection, the hadiths of Anas bin Malik and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them), which will come at numbers (7013-7015), are "shahid" (supporting reports). However, neither of them contains the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) saying to his daughter Zaynab: "O my daughter, honour his stay, but let him not come near you (no privacy), for you are not lawful for him."
لكن يؤيد صحة هذا الحرف كونُ القصة كانت بعد هدنة الحديبية كما تقدم بيانه عند الرواية السابقة، أي: بعد نزول آية تحريم المؤمنات على أزواجهم الكفار في سورة الممتحنة.
Technical note / Textual reasoning: However, the authenticity of this phrase (you are not lawful for him) is supported by the fact that this story was after "the truce of al-Hudaybiyah" (as explained at the previous narration), that is, after the revelation of the verse in Surat al-Mumtahanah making believing women unlawful for their disbelieving husbands.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 5110
