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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب قسم الفيء
Book of the Distribution of Fay
شَأْنُ نُزُولِ سُورَةِ الْأَنْفَالِ
The occasion of the revelation of Surah al-Anfal
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 2627
اُردوEn
حدثني علي بن عيسى بن إبراهيم الحِيري، حدثنا أحمد بن النضر بن عبد الوهاب، حدثنا وَهْب بن بقيّة الواسطي، حدثنا خالد بن عبد الله، عن داود بن أبي هند، عن عِكرمة، عن ابن عباس، قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ يوم بدر: "من فعل كذا وكذا، فله من النَّفَل كذا وكذا" قال: فقَدِمَ الفِتيانُ ولَزِمَ المَشْيَخةُ الراياتِ فلم يَبْرَحُوها، فلما فتح الله عليهم قالت المَشْيَخةُ: كنا رِدْءًا لكم، لو انهزمتُم فِئْتُم إلينا، فلا تذهَبُوا بالمَغْنم ونَبقى، فأبى الفتيانُ، وقالوا: جعلَه رسولُ الله ﷺ لنا، فأنزل الله تعالى: ﴿يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ … كَمَا أَخْرَجَكَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَيْتِكَ بِالْحَقِّ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَكَارِهُونَ﴾ [الأنفال: 1 - 5] يقول: فكان ذلك خيرًا لهم، فكذلك أيضًا فأَطيعوني فإني أعلَمُ بعاقبةِ هذا منكم (1). حديث صحيح فقد احتج البخاريُّ بعِكْرمة، واحتج مسلم بداود بن أبي هند، ولم يُخرجاه. حدثنا الحاكم أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله الحافظ إملاءً في شهر ربيع الآخر سنة ثمان وتسعين وثلاث مئة:
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2594 - على شرط البخاري
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2594 - على شرط البخاري
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that on the day of Badr the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever does such-and-such (an act of bravery) will receive such-and-such a reward (nafl) from the spoils." The narrator says: (Hearing this) the young men went forward, while the elders considered it necessary to stay by the banners and did not move from there. Then when Allah granted them victory, the elders said: "We were your support; had you been defeated, you would have fallen back to us. So do not take away all the spoils while we are left empty-handed." The young men refused and said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has fixed this reward for us." Then Allah Almighty revealed this verse: "They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the Messenger," up to where He said: "Just as your Lord brought you out of your home with the truth, while a party of the believers were averse to it" [Al-Anfal: 1-5]. That is, that (distribution) proved to be better for them. So in the same way, obey me (in decisions), for I know the outcome of these matters better than you.
This hadith is sahih (authentic), for Imam Bukhari used Ikrimah as evidence and Imam Muslim used Dawud bin Abi Hind as evidence, but they did not record it.
This hadith is sahih (authentic), for Imam Bukhari used Ikrimah as evidence and Imam Muslim used Dawud bin Abi Hind as evidence, but they did not record it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) إسناده صحيح.
Grading: Its chain is sahih.
وأخرجه أبو داود (2737) عن وهب بن بقية، بهذا الإسناد. وسيأتي برقم (2912) و (3299).
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (2737) narrated it via Wahb bin Baqiyyah with this same chain. This narration will also come later at nos. (2912) and (3299).
والنَّفَل: ما زاد من العطاء على القدر المستحق منه بالقسمة يخص به الإمام من أبلى بلاءً حسنًا، وسعى سعيًا حميدًا.
General principle: "Nafl" (an additional portion of the spoils) is the gift that exceeds the fixed, due entitlement from the distribution; it is given by the imam (ruler) to the one who performed excellently in battle and made a praiseworthy effort.
والمشيخة: جمع شيخ.
Note / Clarification: The word "al-mashyakhah" is the plural of "shaykh".
وفئتم، أي: رجعتم.
Note / Clarification: "Fi'tum" means: you returned (came back).
Grading: Its chain is sahih.
وأخرجه أبو داود (2737) عن وهب بن بقية، بهذا الإسناد. وسيأتي برقم (2912) و (3299).
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (2737) narrated it via Wahb bin Baqiyyah with this same chain. This narration will also come later at nos. (2912) and (3299).
والنَّفَل: ما زاد من العطاء على القدر المستحق منه بالقسمة يخص به الإمام من أبلى بلاءً حسنًا، وسعى سعيًا حميدًا.
General principle: "Nafl" (an additional portion of the spoils) is the gift that exceeds the fixed, due entitlement from the distribution; it is given by the imam (ruler) to the one who performed excellently in battle and made a praiseworthy effort.
والمشيخة: جمع شيخ.
Note / Clarification: The word "al-mashyakhah" is the plural of "shaykh".
وفئتم، أي: رجعتم.
Note / Clarification: "Fi'tum" means: you returned (came back).
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 2627
