أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو يَعْلَى وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ ، قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ الطَّحَّانُ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ الْوَاسِطِيِّ ، حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، وَعَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ وَقَّاصٍ ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حِينَ قَالَ فِيهَا أَهْلُ الْإِفْكِ مَا قَالُوا ، فَبَرَّأَهَا اللهُ ، وَكُلُّهُمْ حَدَّثَنِي طَائِفَةً مِنْ حَدِيثِهَا ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ كَانَ أَوْعَى لِحَدِيثِهَا مِنْ بَعْضٍ ، وَأَثْبَتَ لَهُ اقْتِصَاصًا ، وَقَدْ وَعَيْتُ عَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمُ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي حَدَّثَنِي عَنْ عَائِشَةَ . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ سَفَرًا أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَ أَزْوَاجِهِ ، فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ خَرَجَ سَهْمُهَا أَخْرَجَهَا مَعَهُ . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : فَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَنَا فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا ، فَخَرَجَ فِيهَا سَهْمِي ، فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَعْدَمَا أُنْزِلَ الْحِجَابُ ، فَكُنْتُ أُحْمَلُ فِي هَوْدَجٍ وَأُنْزَلُ فِيهِ ، فَسِرْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ غَزْوَتِهِ تِلْكَ ، وَقَفَلَ وَدَنَوْنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ قَافِلِينَ أَذِنَ لَنَا بِالرَّحِيلِ ، فَقُمْتُ حِينَ أَذِنَ بِالرَّحِيلِ فَمَشَيْتُ حَتَّى جَاوَزْتُ الْجَيْشَ ، فَلَمَّا قَضَيْتُ شَأْنِي ، أَقْبَلْتُ إِلَى رَحْلِي فَلَمَسْتُ صَدْرِي ، فَإِذَا عِقْدٌ لِي مِنْ جَزْعِ أَظْفَارٍ قَدِ انْقَطَعَ ، فَرَجَعْتُ فَالْتَمَسْتُ عِقْدِي فَحَبَسَنِي ابْتِغَاؤُهُ .
قَالَتْ : وَأَقْبَلَ الرَّهْطُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَرْحَلُونَ لِي ، فَاحْتَمَلُوا هَوْدَجِي ، فَرَحَلُوهُ عَلَى بَعِيرِي الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرْكَبُ ، وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنِّي فِيهِ ، وَكَانَ النِّسَاءُ إِذْ ذَاكَ خِفَافًا لَمْ يَغْشَهُنَّ اللَّحْمُ ، وَإِنَّا نَأْكُلُ الْعُلْقَةَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ ، فَلَمْ يَسْتَنْكِرِ الْقَوْمُ خِفَّةَ الْهَوْدَجِ ، رَفَعُوهُ وَرَحَلُوهُ ، وَكُنْتُ جَارِيَةً حَدِيثَةَ السِّنِّ فَبَعَثُوا ، وَسَارُوا ، وَوَجَدْتُ عِقْدِي بَعْدَمَا اسْتَمَرَّ الْجَيْشُ ، فَجِئْتُ مَنَازِلَهُمْ وَلَيْسَ بِهَا دَاعٍ وَلَا مُجِيبٌ . فَيَمَّمْتُ مَنْزِلِي الَّذِي كُنْتُ بِهِ ، وَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُمْ سَيَفْقِدُونَنِي فَيَرْجِعُونَ إِلَيَّ .
فَبَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسَةٌ فِي مَنْزِلِي غَلَبَتْنِي عَيْنِي ، فَنِمْتُ ، وَكَانَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ الْمُعَطَّلِ السُّلَمِيُّ ثُمَّ الذَّكْوَانِيُّ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْجَيْشِ ، فَأَدْلَجَ ، فَأَصْبَحَ عِنْدَ مَنْزِلِي ، فَرَأَى سَوَادَ إِنْسَانٍ نَائِمٍ ، فَعَرَفَنِي حِينَ رَآنِي ، وَكَانَ يَرَانِي قَبْلَ الْحِجَابِ ، فَاسْتَيْقَظْتُ بِاسْتِرْجَاعِهِ حِينَ عَرَفَنِي ، فَخَمَّرْتُ وَجْهِي بِجِلْبَابِي ، وَاللهِ مَا تَكَلَّمْتُ بِكَلِمَةٍ ، وَلَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ كَلِمَةً غَيْرَ اسْتِرْجَاعِهِ حِينَ أَنَاخَ رَاحِلَتَهُ ، فَوَطِئَ عَلَى يَدِهَا ، وَقُمْتُ فَرَكِبْتُهَا ، فَانْطَلَقَ يَقُودُ بِيَ الرَّاحِلَةَ ، حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا الْجَيْشَ وَهُمْ نُزُولٌ .
قَالَتْ : فَهَلَكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ ، وَكَانَ الَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمُ الْأَوَّلَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ .
قَالَ عُرْوَةُ : أُخْبِرْتُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُشَاعُ وَيُحَدَّثُ بِهِ عِنْدَهُ ، فَيُقِرُّهُ وَيُشِيعُهُ وَيَسْتَوْشِيهِ .
قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ : يَعْنِي يَسْتَوْشِيهِ .
قَالَ عُرْوَةُ : إِنَّمَا لَمْ يُسَمَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِفْكِ إِلَّا مِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ ، وَحَمْنَةُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ ، فِي أُنَاسٍ آخَرِينَ لَا عِلْمَ لِي بِهِمْ ، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ عُصْبَةٌ ، كَمَا قَالَ اللهُ ، وَإِنَّ كِبْرَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ يُقَالُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ .
قَالَ عُرْوَةُ : كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُسَبَّ عِنْدَهَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ، وَتَقُولُ : إِنَّهُ الَّذِي قَالَ :
فَإِنَّ أَبِي وَوَالِدَهُ وَعِرْضِي لِعِرْضِ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْكُمْ وِقَاءُ
قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : فَقَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَاشْتَكَيْتُ حِينَ قَدِمْتُ شَهْرًا ، وَالنَّاسُ يُفِيضُونَ فِي قَوْلِ أَصْحَابِ الْإِفْكِ ، لَا أَشْعُرُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، وَهُوَ يَرِيبُنِي فِي وَجَعِي أَنِّي لَا أَعْرِفُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - اللُّطْفَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرَى حِينَ أَشْتَكِي ، إِنَّمَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَيَقُولُ : كَيْفَ تِيكُمْ ؟ وَيَنْصَرِفُ ، فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَرِيبُنِي ، وَلَا أَشْعُرُ حَتَّى خَرَجْتُ بَعْدَمَا نَقِهْتُ ، فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَ أُمِّ مِسْطَحٍ قِبَلَ الْمَنَاصِعِ ، وَكَانَ مُتَبَرَّزَنَا ، أَمْرُنَا أَمْرُ الْعَرَبِ الْأُوَلِ فِي التَّنْزِيهِ ، قَبْلَ الْغَائِطِ كُنَّا نَتَأَذَّى بِالْكُنُفِ أَنْ نَتَّخِذَهَا عِنْدَ بُيُوتِنَا .
قَالَتْ : فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا ، وَأُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ وَهِيَ بِنْتُ أَبِي رُهْمِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ وَأُمُّهَا بِنْتُ صَخْرِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ خَالَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ، وَابْنُهَا مِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، فَأَقْبَلْتُ أَنَا ، وَأُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ قِبَلَ بَيْتِي حِينَ فَرَغْنَا مِنْ شَأْنِنَا ، فَعَثَرَتْ أُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ فِي مِرْطِهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ .
فَقُلْتُ لَهَا : بِئْسَ مَا قُلْتِ أَتَسُبِّينَ رَجُلًا شَهِدَ بَدْرًا ؟
قَالَتْ : أَيْ هَنْتَاهُ أَوَلَمْ تَسْمَعِي مَا قَالَ ؟ قُلْتُ : وَمَا قَالَ ؟ فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي بِقَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْإِفْكِ .
قَالَتْ : فَازْدَدْتُ مَرَضًا عَلَى مَرَضِي ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعْتُ إِلَى بَيْتِي ، دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : كَيْفَ تِيكُمْ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : ائْذَنْ لِي آتِ أَبَوَيَّ ، قَالَتْ : وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْتَيْقِنَ الْخَبَرَ مِنْ قِبَلِهِمَا ، فَأَذِنَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَتَيْتُهُمَا ، فَقُلْتُ لِأُمِّي : يَا أُمَّتَاهُ ، مَاذَا يَتَحَدَّثُ النَّاسُ ؟ قَالَتْ : هَوِّنِي عَلَيْكِ ، فَوَاللهِ ، لَقَلَّمَا كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ قَطُّ وَضِيئَةٌ عِنْدَ زَوْجِهَا يُحِبُّهَا ، لَهَا ضَرَائِرُ ، إِلَّا أَكْثَرْنَ عَلَيْهَا .
قَالَتْ : فَقُلْتُ : سُبْحَانَ اللهِ أَوَلَقَدْ تَحَدَّثَ النَّاسُ بِهَذَا ؟
قَالَتْ : فَبَكَيْتُ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ حَتَّى أَصْبَحْتُ لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ ، وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ .
قَالَتْ : ثُمَّ أَصْبَحْتُ أَبْكِي ، قَالَتْ : وَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، وَأُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ ، يَسْتَشِيرُهُمَا فِي فِرَاقِ أَهْلِهِ .
قَالَتْ : فَأَمَّا أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، فَأَشَارَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِالَّذِي يَعْلَمُ مِنْ بَرَاءَةِ أَهْلِهِ ، وَبِالَّذِي يَعْلَمُ لَهُمْ فِي نَفْسِهِ ، فَقَالَ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، أَهْلَكَ وَلَا نَعْلَمُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا .
وَأَمَّا عَلِيٌّ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، لَمْ يُضَيِّقِ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ النِّسَاءَ ، وَالنِّسَاءُ سِوَاهَا كَثِيرٌ ، وَسَلِ الْجَارِيَةَ تَصْدُقْكَ .
قَالَتْ : فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَرِيرَةَ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْ بَرِيرَةُ ، هَلْ رَأَيْتِ شَيْئًا يُرِيبُكِ ؟ قَالَتْ لَهُ بَرِيرَةُ : وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ ، مَا رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهَا أَمْرًا قَطُّ أَغْمِصُهُ ، أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَنَّهَا جَارِيَةٌ حَدِيثَةُ السِّنِّ ، تَنَامُ عَنْ عَجِينِ أَهْلِهَا ، فَتَأْتِي الدَّاجِنُ ، فَتَأْكُلُهُ ، فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ، فَاسْتَعْذَرَ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ ، وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، مَنْ يَعْذِرُنِي مِنْ رَجُلٍ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَذَاهُ فِي أَهْلِي ، وَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، وَلَقَدْ ذَكَرُوا رَجُلًا مَا عَلِمْتُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، وَمَا دَخَلَ عَلَى أَهْلِي إِلَّا مَعِي .
فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ أَحَدُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، أَنَا أَعْذِرُكَ مِنْهُ ، فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْأَوْسِ ، ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ إِخْوَانِنَا مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ ، أَمَرْتَنَا فَفَعَلْنَا مَا أَمَرْتَنَا بِهِ .
قَالَ : فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ حَسَّانَ بِنْتَ عَمِّهِ مِنْ فَخِذِهِ وَهُوَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ سَيِّدُ الْخَزْرَجِ ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا صَالِحًا ، وَلَكِنِ احْتَمَلَتْهُ الْحَمِيَّةُ ، فَقَالَ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ : كَذَبْتَ ، لَعَمْرُ اللهِ لَا تَقْتُلُهُ ، وَلَا تَقْدِرُ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ ، وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ رَهْطِكَ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَهُ .
فَقَامَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ ، فَقَالَ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ : كَذَبْتَ لَعَمْرُ اللهِ ، لَنَقْتُلَنَّهُ ، فَإِنَّكَ مُنَافِقٌ تُجَادِلُ عَنِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ .
قَالَتْ : فَثَارَ الْحَيَّانِ ؛ الْأَوْسُ وَالْخَزْرَجُ ، حَتَّى هَمُّوا أَنْ يَقْتَتِلُوا ، وَرَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - جَالِسٌ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يُخَفِّضُهُمْ حَتَّى سَكَتُوا ، وَسَكَتَ .
قَالَتْ : وَبَكَيْتُ يَوْمِي ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ ، وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ ، قَالَتْ : وَأَصْبَحَ أَبَوَايَ عِنْدِي ، بَكَيْتُ يَوْمِي وَلَيْلَتِي لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ ، وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ ، قَالَتْ : حَتَّى أَظُنُّ أَنَّ الْبُكَاءَ فَالِقٌ كَبِدِي .
قَالَتْ : فَبَيْنَمَا أَبَوَايَ جَالِسَانِ عِنْدِي وَأَنَا أَبْكِي ، اسْتَأْذَنَتْ عَلَيَّ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ ، فَأَذِنْتُ لَهَا ، فَجَلَسَتْ تَبْكِي مَعِي ، قَالَتْ : فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ، إِذْ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ .
قَالَتْ : وَلَمْ يَجْلِسْ عِنْدِي مُنْذُ قِيلَ لِي مَا قِيلَ قَبْلَهَا ، وَلَقَدْ لَبِثَ شَهْرًا لَا يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ فِي شَأْنِي شَيْءٌ .
قَالَتْ : فَتَشَهَّدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حِينَ جَلَسَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَمَّا بَعْدُ ، يَا عَائِشَةُ ، فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي عَنْكِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَإِنْ كُنْتِ بَرِيئَةً فَسَيُبَرِّئُكِ اللهُ ، وَإِنْ كُنْتِ أَلْمَمْتِ بِذَنْبٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرِي اللهَ وَتُوبِي إِلَيْهِ ، فَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا اعْتَرَفَ ، وَتَابَ ، تَابَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ .
قَالَتْ : فَلَمَّا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَقَالَتَهُ ، قَلَصَ دَمْعِي حَتَّى مَا أُحِسُّ مِنْهُ قَطْرَةً ، فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي : أَجِبْ عَنِّي رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَا قَالَ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - .
قَالَتْ : فَقُلْتُ لِأُمِّي : أَجِيبِي عَنِّي رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَا قَالَ ، فَقَالَتْ : وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - .
قَالَتْ : فَقُلْتُ وَأَنَا جَارِيَةٌ حَدِيثَةُ السِّنِّ لَا أَقْرَأُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ كَثِيرًا : إِنِّي وَاللهِ ، لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ ، وَلَقَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ ، حَتَّى اسْتَقَرَّ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ ، وَصَدَّقْتُمْ بِهِ ، فَإِنْ قُلْتُ لَكُمْ : إِنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ ، لَا تُصَدِّقُونَنِي بِذَلِكَ ، وَلَئِنِ اعْتَرَفْتُ بِأَمْرٍ ، وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي مِنْهُ بَرِيئَةٌ ، لَتُصَدِّقُنِّي ، وَاللهِ مَا أَجِدُ لِي وَلَا لَكُمْ مَثَلًا إِلَّا أَبَا يُوسُفَ ، حِينَ يَقُولُ : فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ وَاللهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَى مَا تَصِفُونَ .
قَالَتْ : فَتَحَوَّلْتُ ، فَاضْطَجَعْتُ عَلَى فِرَاشِي ، وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ حِينَئِذٍ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ ، وَاللهُ يُبَرِّئُنِي بِبَرَاءَتِي ، وَلَكِنْ وَاللهِ مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنَّ اللهَ يُنْزِلُ فِي شَأْنِي وَحْيًا ، لَشَأْنِي أَحْقَرُ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ اللهُ فِيَّ بِأَمْرِ بَيَانٍ ، وَلَكِنْ كُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ يَرَى رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي النَّوْمِ رُؤْيَا يُبَرِّئُنِي اللهُ بِهَا .
قَالَتْ : فَوَاللهِ مَا قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ ، وَلَا خَرَجَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ، حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَخَذَهُ مَا كَانَ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنَ الْبُرَحَاءِ ، حَتَّى إِنَّهُ لَيَتَحَدَّرُ مِنْهُ مِنَ الْعَرَقِ مِثْلُ الْجُمَانِ ، وَهُوَ فِي يَوْمٍ شَاتٍ مِنْ ثِقَلِ الْقُرْآنِ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَتْ : فَسُرِّيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ يَضْحَكُ ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ كَلِمَةٍ تَكَلَّمَ بِهَا أَنْ قَالَ : يَا عَائِشَةُ أَمَّا اللهُ فَقَدْ بَرَّأَكِ .
قَالَتْ : فَقَالَتْ أُمِّي : قُومِي إِلَيْهِ ، فَقُلْتُ : وَاللهِ لَا أَقُومُ إِلَيْهِ ، وَإِنِّي لَا أَحْمَدُ إِلَّا اللهَ ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوا بِالإِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِنْكُمْ لا تَحْسَبُوهُ شَرًّا لَكُمْ الْآيَاتِ .
فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ هَذَا فِي بَرَاءَتِي ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ، وَهُوَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى مِسْطَحِ بْنِ أُثَاثَةَ لِقَرَابَتِهِ ، وَفَقْرِهِ : وَاللهِ لَا أُنْفِقُ عَلَى مِسْطَحٍ شَيْئًا بَعْدَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ : وَلا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : وَاللهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : بَلَى وَاللهِ ، إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لِي ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَى مِسْطَحٍ النَّفَقَةَ الَّتِي كَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ : وَاللهِ لَا أَنْزِعُهَا مِنْهُ أَبَدًا .
قَالَتْ : وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - سَأَلَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ عَنْ أَمْرِي ، فَقَالَ لِزَيْنَبَ : مَاذَا عَلِمْتِ أَوْ رَأَيْتِ ؟ قَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَحْمِي سَمْعِي وَبَصَرِي ، وَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا .
قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : وَهِيَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تُسَامِينِي مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَعَصَمَهَا اللهُ بِالْوَرَعِ ، وَطَفِقَتْ أُخْتُهَا حَمْنَةُ تُحَارِبُ فَهَلَكَتْ فِيمَنْ هَلَكَ .
قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ : فَهَذَا الَّذِي بَلَغَنِي مِنْ حَدِيثِ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّهْطِ .
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that when the people of the Ifk (the slanderers) said about her what they said, and then Allah Almighty revealed her innocence. Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) transmitted this narration from Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him), Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him), Alqamah bin Waqqas (may Allah have mercy on him) and Ubaydullah bin Abdullah bin Utbah (may Allah have mercy on him), and each of them narrated part of this story. Some of them retained it better than others and narrated it with a finer sequence, and I preserved from each of them the hadith he narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to travel, he would cast lots among his pure wives, and whichever one's name came out, he would take her with him on the journey." Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "On the occasion of a military expedition he (peace and blessings be upon him) cast lots among us and my name came out, so I set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). This happened after the commands of hijab had been revealed. I would be mounted while seated in a howdah and lowered down in it. We travelled on until, when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished that expedition of his and turned back, and we had come near Madinah, he (peace and blessings be upon him) announced at night that we would set off. When the departure was announced, I got up and walked until I had gone beyond the army. When I had finished my need, I turned back towards my mount. I put my hand on my chest and found that my necklace of Zafar beads had broken and fallen somewhere. I turned back and began searching for it, and searching for it delayed me." She said: "The people who used to lift my howdah onto the camel came, lifted my howdah and fastened it on the camel I used to ride, thinking that I was inside it. In those days women were light; not much flesh covered them, because we ate very little food. So those people did not notice the lightness of the howdah when they lifted it and placed it on the camel, and I was a young girl. So they drove the camel on and set off. I found my necklace after the army had gone. I came to their camping places, and there was no one there to call or to answer. Then I made for the very spot where I had been staying, and thought that when they did not find me, they would surely come back to me. Meanwhile, as I was sitting in my place, my eyes overcame me and I fell asleep. Sayyiduna Safwan bin al-Mu'attal al-Sulami al-Dhakwani (may Allah be pleased with him) was assigned to the rear of the army (to look after things left behind). He travelled in the last part of the night and reached my place in the morning. He saw the shape of a sleeping person and recognised me as soon as he saw me, because he had seen me before the command of hijab. When, recognising me, he said: 'Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un' (We belong to Allah and to Him we return), I woke up at his voice and covered my face with my outer sheet. By Allah! I did not speak a word to him, nor did I hear any word from his mouth except his saying of istirja', when he made his she-camel kneel and pressed down its foreleg with his foot so that I could mount. I got up and mounted it, and then he set off leading the she-camel by its rein, with me on it, until we reached the army when they had halted to camp." She said: "Then whoever was to be ruined was ruined, and the one who took the foremost part in this slander was Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul." Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I was told that whenever this false news was spread and talked about in his presence, he would approve of it, spread it and dig further into it. Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) further said: "None of the people of the Ifk were named except Sayyiduna Mistah bin Uthathah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyidah Hamnah bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her), along with some other people of whom I have no knowledge, except that they were a group, as Allah Almighty has said; and the greater share of it was said to be that of Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul." Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) disliked that Sayyiduna Hassan bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) be spoken ill of in her presence, and she would say: "He is the one who composed these verses: Indeed, my father, his father and my honour are a shield for the honour of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) against you." Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Then I reached Madinah and, as soon as I arrived, fell ill for a month. The people were engrossed in the talk of the people of the Ifk while I knew nothing at all of it. However, during my illness one thing made me uneasy: I did not find from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) the kindness and care that I used to see during my illnesses. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would come in to me and only ask: 'How is this one?' and then leave. It was this that made me uneasy, but I did not learn of the real matter until, after recovering, I went out. I went with Sayyidah Umm Mistah (may Allah be pleased with her) towards al-Manasi' (the place for relieving oneself), and that was our place for relieving ourselves. Our way was that of the early Arabs: we disliked making toilets near our houses." She said: "So I and Sayyidah Umm Mistah (may Allah be pleased with her) set off. She was the daughter of Abu Ruhm bin al-Muttalib bin Abd Manaf; her mother was the daughter of Sakhr bin Amir and the maternal aunt of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him); and her son was Sayyiduna Mistah bin Uthathah bin Abbad bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him). When we had finished and were coming back towards my house, Sayyidah Umm Mistah (may Allah be pleased with her) tripped over her cloak and fell, and the words came from her tongue: May Mistah be ruined! I said to her: What an evil thing you have said! Are you speaking ill of a man who took part in the Battle of Badr? She said: O simple girl! Have you not heard what he said? I asked: What has he said? So she told me what the people of the Ifk were saying." She said: "(On hearing this) my illness grew worse. When I returned to my house, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came in and asked: 'How is this one?' I said: Will you permit me to go to my parents?" She said: "My intention was to find out the truth of this news from them. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me permission, so I came to my parents and asked my mother: O dear mother! What are the people talking about? She said: My daughter! Do not be distressed. By Allah! It rarely happens that a husband has a beautiful wife like her whom he loves, and she has co-wives, without them finding fault with her." She said: "I said: Subhan Allah! Have the people really been saying this? Then I wept that night until morning; my tears did not stop and sleep did not come to me. Then morning came and I was still weeping." She said: "Meanwhile, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Usamah bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) to consult them about separating from his wife. Sayyiduna Usamah bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) advised the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) according to what he knew of the innocence of his (peace and blessings be upon him) wife and of the affection he held for them in his heart. He said: O Messenger of Allah! She is your wife, and we know nothing about her but good. As for Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: O Messenger of Allah! Allah has not restricted women for you; there are many women besides her. Ask her maidservant; she will tell you the truth." She said: "So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called Sayyidah Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) and asked: 'O Barirah! Have you seen anything that would make you doubtful?' Sayyidah Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: By the One who sent you with the truth! I have never seen anything in her for which I could find fault with her, except that she is a young girl who leaves her family's kneaded dough and falls asleep, and the tame goat comes and eats it. That same day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood on the pulpit and, seeking help in the matter of Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul, said: 'O company of Muslims! Who will help me against a man whose harm has now reached my family? By Allah! I have known nothing in my wife but good, and they have mentioned a man about whom too I know nothing but good; he never entered upon my family except with me.' At this Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him), one of Banu Abd al-Ashhal, stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! I will help you against him. If he is from the Aws, I will strike off his head, and if he is from our brothers of the Khazraj, you command us and we will carry out what you command us." She said: "Then a man of the Khazraj stood up (the mother of Hassan was his paternal cousin, from his own clan); he was Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him), the chief of the Khazraj. He was a righteous man, but tribal zeal overcame him. He said to Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him): By Allah! You have lied; you will not kill him, nor do you have the power to kill him, and if he were from your own clan you would not want him killed. Then Sayyiduna Usayd bin Hudayr (may Allah be pleased with him), the cousin of Sa'd bin Mu'adh, stood up and said to Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him): By Allah! You are the liar; we will certainly kill him. You are a hypocrite arguing on behalf of the hypocrites." She said: "At this the two tribes, the Aws and the Khazraj, flared up until they were about to fight one another, while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting on the pulpit. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) kept calming them until they fell silent, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) too fell silent. I wept that whole day; my tears did not stop and sleep did not come. In the morning my parents were with me. I wept that day and night; my tears did not stop and sleep did not come, until I felt that the weeping would split my liver. Meanwhile, while my parents were sitting with me and I was weeping, a woman of the Ansar asked permission to come in. I gave her permission, and she too sat down and began weeping with me. We were in this state when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came in, gave the greeting of peace and sat down." She said: "He (peace and blessings be upon him) had not sat with me since these things began to be said, and a month had passed without any revelation coming down to him (peace and blessings be upon him) concerning my matter. When he sat down, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited the testimony of faith (tashahhud) and said: 'To proceed: O Aishah! Such and such has reached me about you. If you are innocent, Allah will soon declare your innocence; and if you have committed a sin, then seek Allah's forgiveness and repent to Him, for when a servant confesses and repents, Allah accepts his repentance.'" She said: "When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished speaking, my tears dried up so completely that I could not feel a single drop. I said to my father: Answer the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on my behalf concerning what he has said. He said: By Allah! I do not know what to say to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." She said: "Then I said to my mother: Answer the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on my behalf concerning what he has said. She said: By Allah! I do not know what to say to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." She said: "Then I said (and I was a young girl who did not read much of the Qur'an): By Allah! I know that you have heard this until it has settled in your hearts and you have believed it. So if I tell you that I am innocent, you will not believe me; and if I confess to something of which Allah knows I am innocent, you will believe me. By Allah! I find no example for myself and for you except the father of Yusuf (peace be upon him), when he says: 'So patience is most fitting, and it is Allah whose help is sought against what you describe.'" She said: "Then I turned over and lay down on my bed. Allah knew at that time that I was innocent, and that Allah would declare me innocent because of my innocence. But by Allah! I did not think that Allah would send down revelation about me; my matter was in my own eyes far too insignificant for Allah to speak about me with a clear declaration. I only hoped that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would see a vision in his sleep by which Allah would declare me innocent." She said: "By Allah! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had not risen from his sitting place, nor had any member of the household gone out, when Allah sent down revelation upon him, and there came over him the intensity that used to come over him, so that sweat poured from him like pearls, even on a cold day, from the weight of the Qur'an that was being revealed to him." She said: "Then this state left the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was smiling. The first words he spoke were: 'O Aishah! As for Allah, He has declared you innocent.' My mother said: Get up and go to him. I said: By Allah! I will not get up and go to him, and I will praise none but Allah. And Allah revealed: 'Indeed, those who came with the slander are a group among you. Do not think it bad for you' (to the end of) the verses. When Allah revealed this about my innocence, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), who used to spend on Sayyiduna Mistah bin Uthathah (may Allah be pleased with him) because of his kinship and his poverty, said: By Allah! I will not spend anything on Mistah after what he said about Aishah. Then Allah revealed: 'And let not those among you who are people of virtue and means swear not to give to relatives' up to His words: 'And Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.' Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Yes indeed, by Allah! I certainly love that Allah should forgive me. So he resumed for Sayyiduna Mistah (may Allah be pleased with him) the allowance he used to spend on him, and said: By Allah! I will never withdraw it from him." She said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had also asked Sayyidah Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her) about my matter. He said to Zaynab: 'What do you know, or what have you seen?' She said: O Messenger of Allah! I protect my hearing and my sight; by Allah, I know nothing but good." Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Among the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), she was the one who used to rival me, but Allah protected her through her piety, while her sister Hamnah began to fight (on her behalf) and so perished among those who perished." Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is what has reached me of the narration of these people.