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مسند أبي يعلى الموصلي
Musnad Abi Ya'la al-Mawsili
مسند أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه
Musnad of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him)
مُسْنَدُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
Musnad of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him)
Musnad Abi Ya'la 4 — Sayyiduna Umar summoned him when the day had
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ سُرَيْجٍ أَبُو عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ ، أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ ، قَالَ : أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ عُمَرُ بَعْدَمَا مَتَعَ النَّهَارُ ، فَأَذِنَ لِي ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ ، وَهُوَ عَلَى سَرِيرِ لِيفٍ ، مُسْنِدٌ ظَهْرَهُ إِلَى رِمَالِهِ ، مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى وِسَادَةٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ ، فَقَالَ لِي : يَا مَالِ ، إِنَّهُ قَدْ دَفَّ دَافَّةٌ مِنْ قَوْمِكَ ، وَقَدْ أَمَرْتُ لَهُمْ بِمَالٍ ، فَخُذْهُ فَاقْسِمْهُ بَيْنَهُمْ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، مَا لِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ قُوَّةٍ ، فَلَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِهِ غَيْرِي ، فَقَالَ : خُذْهُ فَاقْسِمْهُ فِيهِمْ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ يَرْفَأُ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، هَلْ لَكَ فِي عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ، وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، وَالزُّبَيْرِ ، وَسَعْدٍ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ فَدَخَلُوا ، ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، هَلْ لَكَ فِي عَلِيٍّ ، وَالْعَبَّاسِ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَدَخَلَا وَالْعَبَّاسُ يَقُولُ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ هَذَا ، قَالَ سُفْيَانُ : وَذَكَرَ كَلَامًا شَدِيدًا ، فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا ، وَأَرِحْ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عُمَرُ : أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ ، أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : لَا نُورَثُ ، مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ؟ قَالُوا : نَعَمْ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : إِنَّ اللهَ خَصَّ رَسُولَهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِخَاصَّةٍ لَمْ يَخُصَّ بِهَا أَحَدًا غَيْرَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ الْآيَةَ : وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ الْآيَةَ .
قَالَ سُفْيَانُ : وَلَا أَدْرِي قَرَأَ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي بَعْدَهَا أَمْ لَا ، قَالَ : فَقَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَكُمْ أَمْوَالَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ ، فَوَاللهِ مَا اسْتَأْثَرَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا أَحْرَزَهَا دُونَكُمْ ، فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ نَفَقَتَهُ وَنَفَقَةَ عِيَالِهِ لِسَنَتِهِ ، وَيَجْعَلُ مَا فَضَلَ فِي الْكُرَاعِ وَالسِّلَاحِ ، عُدَّةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ : أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِالَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ ، أَتَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالُوا : نَعَمْ ، ثُمَّ نَشَدَ عَلِيًّا وَالْعَبَّاسَ بِمَا نَشَدَ الْقَوْمَ بِهِ : أَتَعْلَمَانِ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَا : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلِيَّ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَجِئْتَ يَا عَبَّاسُ تَطْلُبُ مِيرَاثَكَ مِنَ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ ، وَجَاءَ عَلِيٌّ يَطْلُبُ مِيرَاثَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَا نُورَثُ ، مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ، فَرَأَيْتُمَانِي - وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ مَضَى بَارًّا رَاشِدًا - مَانِعًا لِلْحَقِّ ، فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَوَلِيُّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَرَأَيْتُمَانِي وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي صَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ ، فَجِئْتُمَانِي وَأَمْرُكُمَا وَاحِدٌ ، فَسَأَلْتُمَانِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهَا إِلَيْكُمْ ، فَقُلْتُ : إِنْ شِئْتُمَا دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى أَنَّ عَلَيْكُمَا عَهْدَ اللهِ أَنْ تَعْمَلَا فِيهَا بِالَّذِي كَانَ يَعْمَلُ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخَذْتُمَاهَا بِذَلِكَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُمَا : أَكَذَاكَ ؟ قَالَا : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ جِئْتُمَانِي لِأَقْضِيَ بَيْنَكُمَا ، وَاللهِ لَا أَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمَا بِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ ، فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمَا فَرُدَّاهَا إِلَيَّ .
قَالَ سُفْيَانُ : وَلَا أَدْرِي قَرَأَ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي بَعْدَهَا أَمْ لَا ، قَالَ : فَقَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَكُمْ أَمْوَالَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ ، فَوَاللهِ مَا اسْتَأْثَرَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا أَحْرَزَهَا دُونَكُمْ ، فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ نَفَقَتَهُ وَنَفَقَةَ عِيَالِهِ لِسَنَتِهِ ، وَيَجْعَلُ مَا فَضَلَ فِي الْكُرَاعِ وَالسِّلَاحِ ، عُدَّةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ : أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِالَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ ، أَتَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالُوا : نَعَمْ ، ثُمَّ نَشَدَ عَلِيًّا وَالْعَبَّاسَ بِمَا نَشَدَ الْقَوْمَ بِهِ : أَتَعْلَمَانِ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَا : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلِيَّ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَجِئْتَ يَا عَبَّاسُ تَطْلُبُ مِيرَاثَكَ مِنَ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ ، وَجَاءَ عَلِيٌّ يَطْلُبُ مِيرَاثَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَا نُورَثُ ، مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ، فَرَأَيْتُمَانِي - وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ مَضَى بَارًّا رَاشِدًا - مَانِعًا لِلْحَقِّ ، فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَوَلِيُّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَرَأَيْتُمَانِي وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي صَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ ، فَجِئْتُمَانِي وَأَمْرُكُمَا وَاحِدٌ ، فَسَأَلْتُمَانِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهَا إِلَيْكُمْ ، فَقُلْتُ : إِنْ شِئْتُمَا دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى أَنَّ عَلَيْكُمَا عَهْدَ اللهِ أَنْ تَعْمَلَا فِيهَا بِالَّذِي كَانَ يَعْمَلُ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخَذْتُمَاهَا بِذَلِكَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُمَا : أَكَذَاكَ ؟ قَالَا : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ جِئْتُمَانِي لِأَقْضِيَ بَيْنَكُمَا ، وَاللهِ لَا أَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمَا بِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ ، فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمَا فَرُدَّاهَا إِلَيَّ .
It is narrated from Malik bin Aws bin al-Hadathan (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) summoned him when the day had advanced. When he reached him, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was sitting on a bed made of palm fibre, resting his back against its woven strips and reclining on a leather cushion. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to me: "O Mal! Some needy people of your tribe have come, and I have ordered that some wealth be given to them. Take it and distribute it among them." I said: "O Commander of the Believers! I do not have the strength for that; if only you would assign this task to someone other than me." He said: "You take it and distribute it among them." Meanwhile his servant Yarfa' came and said: "O Commander of the Believers! Will you permit Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan, Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Awf, Sayyiduna al-Zubayr and Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with them) to come in?" He said: "Yes," so they came in. Then Yarfa' came again and said: "Will you also permit Sayyiduna Ali and Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) to come in?" He said: "Yes," so they too entered, while Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) was saying: "O Commander of the Believers! Judge between me and this one (Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him)." Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) said that there were harsh words between the two of them. Those present also said: "O Commander of the Believers! Judge between them and give each of them relief from the other." Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to them: "I ask you by Allah, by whose command the heavens and the earth stand: do you know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'We are not inherited from; whatever we leave behind is charity'?" They all replied: "Yes." Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Indeed, Allah Almighty granted His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) a special privilege that He did not give to anyone besides him." Then he recited this verse: "And what Allah gave to His Messenger as spoils from them, you did not spur on any horse or camel for it." Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I do not remember whether he recited the following verse or not. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) continued: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed this wealth of Banu al-Nadir among you. By Allah! He neither took it for himself in preference to you, nor kept it back to the exclusion of you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would take from it the year's expenses for himself and his family, and whatever remained he would spend on horses and weapons as preparation for jihad in the way of Allah." Then he asked them all under oath: "Do you know this?" They said: "Yes." Then he asked Sayyiduna Ali and Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) under oath in the same way: "Do you both know this?" They said: "Yes." He said: "Then, when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) became the successor of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then you, O Abbas, sought the inheritance of your nephew, and this one, Ali, came asking for his wife's share from her father. So Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) told you that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'We are not inherited from; whatever we leave behind is charity.' Yet you both considered him one who was withholding a right, although Allah knows that he was righteous and rightly guided. Then, when Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) passed away, I became the successor of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), and you considered me the same, although Allah knows that I am truthful, righteous, rightly guided and a follower of the truth. Then you both came to me, with one and the same claim, and asked me for this wealth. I said: If you wish, I will hand it over to you on the condition that you are bound by the covenant of Allah to manage it just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to do. So you took it on that condition." Then he asked the two of them: "Is that so?" They said: "Yes." He said: "Now have you come to me so that I give some other judgement between you? By Allah! I will not give any judgement other than this until the Hour is established. If you are unable to manage it, then return this wealth to me."
