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مسند أبي يعلى الموصلي
Musnad Abi Ya'la al-Mawsili
أول مسند ابن عباس
Beginning of the Musnad of Ibn Abbas
أَوَّلُ مُسْنَدِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ
Beginning of the Musnad of Ibn Abbas
Musnad Abi Ya'la 2740 — when this blessed verse was revealed
حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ : وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَأْتُوا بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ فَاجْلِدُوهُمْ ثَمَانِينَ جَلْدَةً وَلا تَقْبَلُوا لَهُمْ شَهَادَةً أَبَدًا وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ ، قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ وَهُوَ سَيِّدُ الْأَنْصَارِ : أَهَكَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ ، أَلَا تَسْمَعُونَ إِلَى مَا يَقُولُ سَيِّدُكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، لَا تَلُمْهُ فَإِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ غَيُورٌ ، وَاللهِ مَا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً قَطُّ إِلَّا بِكْرًا ، وَلَا طَلَّقَ امْرَأَةً قَطُّ فَاجْتَرَأَ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا عَلَى أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا مِنْ شِدَّةِ غَيْرَتِهِ ، فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ : وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ أَنَّهَا حَقٌّ ، وَأَنَّهَا مِنْ عِنْدِ اللهِ ، وَلَكِنْ قَدْ تَعَجَّبْتُ أَنِّي لَوْ وَجَدْتُ لَكَاعًا قَدْ تَفَخَّذَهَا رَجُلٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي أَنْ أَهِيجَهُ ، وَلَا أُحَرِّكَهُ حَتَّى آتِيَ بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ ؟ فَوَاللهِ لَا آتِي بِهِمْ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ حَاجَتَهُ ، قَالَ : فَمَا لَبِثُوا إِلَّا يَسِيرًا حَتَّى جَاءَ هِلَالُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ وَهُوَ أَحَدُ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ تِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَجَاءَ مِنْ أَرْضِهِ عِشَاءً ، فَوَجَدَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ رَجُلًا ، فَرَأَى بِعَيْنَيْهِ وَسَمِعَ بِأُذُنَيْهِ ، فَلَمْ يَهِجْهُ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ ، فَغَدَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنِّي جِئْتُ أَهْلِي عِشَاءً ، فَوَجَدْتُ عِنْدَهَا رَجُلًا ، فَرَأَيْتُ بِعَيْنَيَّ ، وَسَمِعْتُ بِأُذُنَيَّ ، وَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَا جَاءَ بِهِ ، وَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ ، وَاجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ ، فَقَالُوا : قَدِ ابْتُلِينَا بِمَا قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ : إِلَّا أَنْ يَضْرِبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - هِلَالَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ ، وَيُبْطِلَ شَهَادَتَهُ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللهِ وَاللهِ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَجْعَلَ اللهُ لِي مِنْهَا مَخْرَجًا ، فَقَالَ هِلَالٌ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنِّي قَدْ أَرَى مَا اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْكَ مِمَّا جِئْتُ بِهِ ، وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنِّي لَصَادِقٌ ، فَوَاللهِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَيُرِيدُ أَنْ يَأْمُرَ بِضَرْبِهِ إِذْ نَزَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْوَحْيُ ، وَكَانَ إِذَا نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْوَحْيُ عَرَفُوا ذَلِكَ فِي تَرَبُّدِ جِلْدِهِ ، فَأَمْسَكُوا عَنْهُ حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنَ الْوَحْيِ ، فَنَزَلَتْ : وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ شُهَدَاءُ إِلا أَنْفُسُهُمْ الْآيَةَ كُلَّهَا ، فَسُرِّيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ، فَقَالَ : أَبْشِرْ يَا هِلَالُ ، قَدْ جَعَلَ اللهُ لَكَ فَرَجًا وَمَخْرَجًا ، فَقَالَ هِلَالٌ : قَدْ كُنْتُ أَرْجُو ذَاكَ مِنْ رَبِّي ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : أَرْسِلُوا إِلَيْهَا ، فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهَا ، فَجَاءَتْ فَتَلَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ، وَذَكَّرَهُمَا ، وَأَخْبَرَهُمَا أَنَّ عَذَابَ الْآخِرَةِ أَشَدُّ مِنْ عَذَابِ الدُّنْيَا ، فَقَالَ هِلَالٌ : وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، لَقَدْ صَدَقْتُ عَلَيْهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : كَذَبَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : لَاعِنُوا بَيْنَهُمَا ، فَقَالَ لِهِلَالٍ : اشْهَدْ ، فَشَهِدَ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الْخَامِسَةُ ، قِيلَ : يَا هِلَالُ ، اتَّقِ اللهِ فَإِنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ ، وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْمُوجِبَةُ الَّتِي تُوجِبُ الْعَذَابَ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللهِ لَا يُعَذِّبُنِي اللهُ عَلَيْهَا كَمَا لَمْ تَجْلِدْنِي عَلَيْهَا ، فَشَهِدَ الْخَامِسَةَ أَنَّ لَعْنَةَ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ ، ثُمَّ قِيلَ لَهَا : اشْهَدِي ، فَشَهِدَتْ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الْخَامِسَةُ ، قِيلَ لَهَا : اتَّقِي اللهَ فَإِنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ ، وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْمُوجِبَةُ الَّتِي تُوجِبُ عَلَيْكِ الْعَذَابَ ، فَتَلَكَّأَتْ سَاعَةً ، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ : وَاللهِ لَا أَفْضَحُ قَوْمِي ، فَشَهِدَتِ الْخَامِسَةَ : أَنَّ غَضَبَ اللهِ عَلَيْهَا إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ، فَفَرَّقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَيْنَهُمَا ، وَقَضَى أَنْ لَا يُدْعَى وَلَدُهَا لِأَبٍ ، وَلَا يُرْمَى وَلَدُهَا ، وَمَنْ رَمَاهَا ، أَوْ رَمَى وَلَدَهَا فَعَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ ، وَقَضَى أَنْ لَا بَيْتَ لَهَا عَلَيْهِ ، وَلَا قُوتَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُمَا يَتَفَرَّقَانِ مِنْ غَيْرِ طَلَاقٍ ، وَلَا مُتَوَفًّى عَنْهَا ، وَقَالَ : إِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أُصَيْهِبَ ، أُثَيْبِجَ ، أُرَيْسِحَ ، حَمْشَ السَّاقَيْنِ فَهُوَ لِهِلَالٍ ، وَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَوْرَقَ جَعْدًا ، جُمَالِيًّا ، خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقَيْنِ ، سَابِغَ الْأَلْيَتَيْنِ ، فَهُوَ لِلَّذِي رُمِيَتْ بِهِ ، فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ أَوْرَقَ جَعْدًا ، جُمَالِيًّا ، خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقَيْنِ ، سَابِغَ الْأَلْيَتَيْنِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : لَوْلَا الْأَيْمَانُ لَكَانَ لِي وَلَهَا شَأْنٌ .
قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ : وَكَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَمِيرًا عَلَى مِصْرَ وَمَا يُدْعَى لِأَبٍ .
قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ : وَكَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَمِيرًا عَلَى مِصْرَ وَمَا يُدْعَى لِأَبٍ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that when this blessed verse was revealed: "And those who accuse chaste women and then do not bring four witnesses, flog them eighty lashes and never accept their testimony, and it is they who are the defiantly disobedient," Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him), the chief of the Ansar, said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Is this how it was revealed?" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed the Ansar and said: "O company of the Ansar! Do you not hear what your chief is saying?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Do not blame him, for he is a very jealous man. By Allah! Whenever he married a woman she was a virgin, and whenever he divorced a woman none of us dared to marry her because of the intensity of his jealousy." At this Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I certainly know that it is the truth and that it is from Allah Almighty, but I was amazed that if I were to find a wicked man beside my wife, would it not be permissible for me to stir him or move him until I bring four witnesses? By Allah! By the time I go to bring witnesses, he will have fulfilled his need." The narrator says: Only a little time had passed when Sayyiduna Hilal bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) came (he was one of the three whose repentance was accepted). He had come from his field at the time of Isha and found a strange man with his wife. He saw with his own eyes and heard with his own ears, but he did not disturb him until morning. As soon as morning came, he went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I came home at the time of Isha and found a man there; I saw with my own eyes and heard with my own ears." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked what he said, and the matter weighed heavily on him (peace and blessings be upon him). The Ansar gathered and said: "We have been afflicted with the very trial that Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned; now the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) will impose the punishment for slander on Sayyiduna Hilal bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) and declare his testimony void among the Muslims." At this the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By Allah, by Allah! I hope that Allah will make a way out for me in this matter." Sayyiduna Hilal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I see that the news I have brought has weighed very heavily on you (peace and blessings be upon him), but Allah knows that I am truthful." By Allah! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was just about to order that he be flogged when revelation began to descend upon him (peace and blessings be upon him). Whenever revelation descended upon him (peace and blessings be upon him), the Companions would recognise it from the change in the colour of his blessed skin, so they held back from him (peace and blessings be upon him) until the revelation ended, and these verses were revealed: "And those who accuse their wives and have no witnesses except themselves" (to the end of the passage). Then that state of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Rejoice, O Hilal! Allah Almighty has made relief and a way out for you." Sayyiduna Hilal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "This is what I hoped for from my Lord." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Summon that woman." So she was summoned, and when she came, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited these verses, admonished them both and warned them that the punishment of the Hereafter is far more severe than the punishment of this world. Sayyiduna Hilal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I have spoken the truth about her." The woman said: "He has lied." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Have them perform li'an (mutual cursing) between them." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Hilal (may Allah be pleased with him): "Testify." So he testified four times, swearing by Allah, that he was among the truthful. When the fifth time came, it was said to him: "O Hilal! Fear Allah, for the punishment of this world is lighter than the punishment of the Hereafter, and this fifth testimony will make the punishment binding on you." He said: "By Allah! Allah Almighty will not punish me for it, just as He saved me from being flogged (for slander)." So he testified the fifth time that the curse of Allah be upon him if he was among the liars. Then it was said to the woman: "Testify." She testified four times, swearing by Allah, that he (Hilal) was among the liars. When the fifth time came, it was said to her: "Fear Allah, for the punishment of this world is lighter than the punishment of the Hereafter, and this fifth testimony will make the punishment binding on you." She hesitated for a while, then said: "By Allah! I will not disgrace my people." So she gave the fifth testimony that the wrath of Allah be upon her if he (Hilal) was among the truthful. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) separated them and decreed that her child would not be attributed to a father, nor would her child be accused, and that whoever accused her or her child would be subject to the prescribed punishment for slander. He (peace and blessings be upon him) also decreed that she had no right to housing or maintenance from her husband, because they had separated neither through divorce nor through the husband's death. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If she gives birth to a child that is reddish, with a small back, thin hips and thin shins, then he is Hilal's; and if she gives birth to one that is dusky, curly-haired, heavily built, with fleshy shins and broad buttocks, then he belongs to the man she has been accused with." The child was born dusky, curly-haired, heavily built, with fleshy shins and broad buttocks. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Were it not for these sworn testimonies, I would have dealt with her in a particular way." Ikrimah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: That boy later became the governor (amir) of Egypt, and he was not attributed to any father.
