the first to do a thing, and who did it

Al-Hakam said: The first to take up the office of judge in Kufah was Salman bin Rabi'ah al-Bahili. He sat for forty days without any case coming to him.

Husayn said: The first to bring out the pulpit for the two Eids was Bishr bin Marwan, and the first to have the adhan called for the two Eids was Ziyad.

Al-Sha'bi said: The first to deliver the sermon sitting was Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him). But this happened when he had grown old, his body had become heavy and his belly had grown large.

Tamim bin Hadhlam said: This was the first time a governor of Kufah was greeted with the greeting of governorship. It happened that Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) came out of the palace, and a man from the tribe of Kindah greeted him with the greeting of governorship. He expressed his displeasure at this and said: "What is this? I am only a man from among you." This kind of greeting was then abandoned for a time, but afterwards he accepted it.

Sa'd bin Ibrahim reports from his father that the first to deliver a sermon on a pulpit was Ibrahim (peace be upon him), the Friend of Allah.

Sa'id bin al-Musayyib said: Ibrahim (peace be upon him) was the first person to entertain guests, the first to be circumcised, the first to clip his nails, the first to trim his moustache and the first to remove his pubic hair.

Sa'id bin al-Musayyib said: The first to see white hair was Ibrahim (peace be upon him). When his hair turned white, he said: "O my Lord, what is this?" Allah Almighty said: "This is dignity." He said: "O Allah, increase my dignity."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Hell was brought before me, and I saw in it Amr bin Luhayy bin Qama'ah bin Khindif dragging his intestines in Hell. He was the first man to alter the covenant of Ibrahim (peace be upon him) and to set loose the sa'ibah animals."

Al-Hasan bin Muslim said: The first to introduce the taslim in Makkah was Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Abza (may Allah be pleased with him).

Ibrahim said: The first to reduce the takbir was Ziyad.

Sayyiduna Khalid bin Urfutah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The first time I saw a disagreement among the Companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was when Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) entered ihram for Hajj and Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) entered ihram for Hajj and Umrah.

Abd al-Malik bin Umayr said: The first to hold two sticks for the sermon, the first to deliver the sermon sitting, and the first before whom the adhan was called at Eid was Ziyad.

Mujalid said: The first to take a tax from the markets was Ziyad.

Abd al-Rahman bin Ka'b bin Malik said: When my father lost his sight, I used to take him to the Friday prayer. When he heard the Friday adhan, he would seek forgiveness for Sayyiduna Abu Umamah As'ad bin Zurarah (may Allah be pleased with him) and supplicate for him. I asked him: "O my father, why do you supplicate and seek forgiveness for Abu Umamah on Friday?" He said: "My son, before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came (to Madinah), he was the first to lead us in the Friday prayer, by the spring and pasture of Banu Bayadah." I asked: "How many men were you at that time?" He said: "At that time we were forty men."

Muhammad (Ibn Sirin) said: This call was first heard at the funeral of Sa'id bin Aws: 'Istaghfiru lahu, ghafara Allahu lakum' (Seek forgiveness for him; may Allah forgive you).

Al-Mughirah bin Hakim said: The first to fix the dower of women at four hundred dinars was Umar bin Abd al-Aziz.

Sayyiduna Tariq bin Shihab (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Sayyidah Umm Ayman (may Allah be pleased with her) ordered that deceased women be placed on a bier.

Sayyiduna Tariq bin Shihab (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Sayyidah Umm Ayman (may Allah be pleased with her) came from Abyssinia, and she ordered that deceased women be placed on a bier.

Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May Allah Almighty have mercy on Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). He was the first person to gather the Noble Qur'an between two boards.

Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May Allah Almighty have mercy on Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). He was the first person to gather the Noble Qur'an between two boards.

Sayyiduna Tariq bin Shihab (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the first to deliver the sermon before the prayer on the day of Eid was Marwan.

Mujahid said that the first to say the salam of the prayer aloud was Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him).

Sa'id bin al-Musayyib said that the first to introduce the adhan on the two Eids was Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him).

Abu Qilabah said that the first to introduce the adhan on the two Eids was Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him).

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the name of the first person to pray the forenoon (duha) prayer was Dhu al-Zawa'id. He was a man who used to go to the market for his needs, and he would pray the forenoon prayer there.

Al-Hakam said that the first to assign two shares of the war spoils for the horse was Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). A man from Banu Tamim had advised him to do so.

Ibrahim said that the first to recite the Mu'awwidhatayn aloud in the prayer was Ubaydullah bin Ziyad.

Ibn Shihab said: It has reached us that the Mother of the Believers, Sayyidah Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her), was the first to believe in Allah and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and she passed away before the prayer was made obligatory.

Yunus said that among the habits of the earlier people was reciting the Noble Qur'an by looking into it.

Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the first among the women of the Arabs to start the custom of walking with a trailing hem was the mother of Isma'il. When she fled from Sarah, she let her hem trail behind her so that it would erase her footprints. And the first to go between Safa and Marwah was also the mother of Isma'il.

Mujahid said that the first to openly declare Islam were these seven: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, Sayyiduna Bilal, Sayyiduna Khabbab, Sayyiduna Suhayb, Sayyiduna Ammar, and Sayyidah Sumayyah, the mother of Ammar (may Allah be pleased with them).

Sayyiduna Abdur-Rahman bin Abza (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I offered the funeral prayer for Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) along with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). She was the first of the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to pass away after him.

Sayyiduna Zayd bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the first to accept Islam along with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).

Abu Hamzah said: I mentioned this statement of his to Ibrahim, and he rejected it and said that the first to accept Islam was Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).

Al-Hasan said that a man was once promised several uqiyahs (ounces) in return for killing, Allah forbid, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Allah Almighty informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of this, so he ordered that the man be crucified. He was the first person crucified in Islam.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Harith bin Jaz' al-Zubaydi (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I was the first to hear the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "None of you should urinate facing the qiblah," and I was also the first to narrate this to the people.

Zakariyya said that the first tribe to declare its support for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in a number reaching a thousand was the tribe of Juhaynah.

Al-Sha'bi said that the first to pledge allegiance at the blessed hand of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the Pledge of Ridwan was Sayyiduna Abu Sinan al-Asadi (may Allah be pleased with him).

Mujahid said that the first martyr of Islam was Sayyidah Sumayyah (may Allah be pleased with her), the mother of Sayyiduna Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him). Abu Jahl martyred her by striking her private parts with a spear.

Al-Qasim bin Abd al-Rahman said that the first martyr among the Muslims in the Battle of Badr was Sayyiduna Mihja' (may Allah be pleased with him), the freedman of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).