A man asked to swear who declines the oath

It is narrated from al-Harith that a man refused to take an oath before Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him), so Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) gave his judgment. The man said: I will take the oath. Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: My judgment has now been given.

Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) ordered him (Ibn Abi Mulaykah) to put a woman on oath. She refused to swear, so he held her liable for that (claim).

Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) sold a slave for 800 dirhams. The buyer found a defect in him and brought the dispute before Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Did you sell him disclaiming liability for defects? He refused to take an oath, so Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) returned the slave to him.

It is narrated from Mughirah and Ibn Shubrumah that Abdullah bought a slave for a woman. When he took him to the house, the slave came down with a fever. He came to return the slave and took the dispute to al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him). He (may Allah have mercy on him) said to Abdullah: Bring witnesses that he concealed the slave's defect from you. He said: I have no witnesses. Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said to the other man: Swear that you did not sell the slave in a state of illness. The man said: I turn the oath back onto Abdullah. Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) ruled that the oath was upon him and said: Swear, or else the slave is binding upon you.